Ni Dongdong, Smyth Heather E, Cozzolino Daniel, Gidley Michael J
Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64(12):3702-3712. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2134840. Epub 2022 Oct 19.
Appetite (satiation and satiety) is an essential element for the control of eating behavior, and as a consequence human nutrition, body weight, and chronic disease risk. A better understanding of appetite mechanisms is necessary to modulate eating behavior and food intake, and also provide a practical approach for weight management. Although many researchers have investigated the relationships between satiation/satiety and specific factors including human physiology, psychology, and food characteristics, limited information on the interactions between factors or comparisons between the relative importance of factors in contributing to satiation/satiety have been reported. This article reviews progress and gaps in understanding individual attributes contributing to perceived satiation/satiety, the advantages of considering multiple factors together in appetite experiments, as well as the applications of nondestructive sensing in evaluating human factors contributing to relative appetite perception. The approaches proposed position characterization of appetite (satiation and satiety) for personalized and precision nutrition in relation to human status and healthy diets. In particular, it is recommended that future studies of appetite perception recognize the inter-dependence of food type and intake, appetite (satiation and satiety), and individual status.
食欲（饱腹感和饱足感）是控制饮食行为的关键因素，进而影响人体营养、体重和慢性病风险。深入了解食欲机制对于调节饮食行为和食物摄入量至关重要，同时也为体重管理提供了切实可行的方法。尽管许多研究人员已探究了饱腹感/饱足感与包括人体生理、心理和食物特性在内的特定因素之间的关系，但关于这些因素之间的相互作用或各因素对饱腹感/饱足感影响的相对重要性比较的信息仍十分有限。本文综述了在理解影响饱腹感/饱足感的个体属性方面取得的进展和存在的差距，食欲实验中综合考虑多种因素的优势，以及无损传感技术在评估影响相对食欲感知的人为因素方面的应用。所提出的方法为根据个体状况和健康饮食对食欲（饱腹感和饱足感）进行个性化和精准营养定位。特别是，建议未来关于食欲感知的研究认识到食物类型与摄入量、食欲（饱腹感和饱足感）以及个体状况之间的相互依存关系。
