2021-2022 年在美国检测到多种猴痘病毒谱系。
Multiple lineages of monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021-2022.
机构信息
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
出版信息
Science. 2022 Nov 4;378(6619):560-565. doi: 10.1126/science.add4153. Epub 2022 Oct 20.
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa. In May 2022, dozens of non-endemic countries reported hundreds of monkeypox cases, most with no epidemiological link to Africa. We identified two lineages of monkeypox virus (MPXV) among two 2021 and seven 2022 US monkeypox cases: the major 2022 outbreak variant called B.1 and a minor contemporaneously sampled variant called A.2. Analyses of mutations among these two variants revealed an extreme preference for GA-to-AA mutations indicative of human APOBEC3 cytosine deaminase activity among Clade IIb MPXV (previously West African, Nigeria) sampled since 2017. Such mutations were not enriched within other MPXV clades. These findings suggest that APOBEC3 editing may be a recurrent and a dominant driver of MPXV evolution within the current outbreak.
猴痘是一种流行于中非和西非的病毒性人畜共患病。2022 年 5 月，数十个非流行国家报告了数百例猴痘病例，其中大多数与非洲没有流行病学联系。我们在 2021 年的两例和 2022 年的七例美国猴痘病例中发现了两种猴痘病毒（MPXV）谱系：主要的 2022 年大爆发变体称为 B.1 和同时采样的次要变体称为 A.2。对这两种变体之间的突变分析表明，在 2017 年以来采样的 IIb 类 MPXV（以前称为西非、尼日利亚）中，存在一种极端偏向 GA 到 AA 突变的现象，这表明人类 APOBEC3 胞嘧啶脱氨酶活性。这种突变并没有在其他 MPXV 类群中富集。这些发现表明，APOBEC3 编辑可能是当前疫情中 MPXV 进化的一个反复出现和主要驱动因素。
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