Huang Shiyi, Ding Xianting
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
J Funct Biomater. 2022 Oct 14;13(4):188. doi: 10.3390/jfb13040188.
Rapid advances in nanotechnologies are driving the revolution in controlled drug delivery. However, heterogeneous barriers, such as blood circulation and cellular barriers, prevent the drug from reaching the cellular target in complex physiologic environments. In this review, we discuss the precise design of nanotechnologies to enhance the efficacy, quality, and durability of drug delivery. For drug delivery in vivo, drugs loaded in nanoplatforms target particular sites in a spatial- and temporal-dependent manner. Advances in stimuli-responsive nanoparticles and carbon-based drug delivery platforms are summarized. For transdermal drug delivery systems, specific strategies including microneedles and hydrogel lead to a sustained release efficacy. Moreover, we highlight the current limitations of clinical translation and an incentive for the future development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery.
纳米技术的飞速发展正在推动可控药物递送领域的革命。然而，诸如血液循环和细胞屏障等异质性屏障，阻碍了药物在复杂生理环境中到达细胞靶点。在本综述中，我们讨论了纳米技术的精确设计，以提高药物递送的功效、质量和持久性。对于体内药物递送，负载于纳米平台的药物以空间和时间依赖性方式靶向特定部位。总结了刺激响应性纳米颗粒和碳基药物递送平台的进展。对于透皮给药系统，包括微针和水凝胶在内的特定策略可实现持续释放效果。此外，我们强调了临床转化的当前局限性以及基于纳米技术的药物递送未来发展的动力。
