Huang Yue, Zou Lingyun, Wang Jing, Jin Qiao, Ji Jian
MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2022 May;14(3):e1775. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1775. Epub 2022 Feb 9.
The continuously increasing bacterial resistance has become a big threat to public health worldwide, which makes it urgent to develop innovative antibacterial strategies. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are considered as promising strategies in combating bacterial infections which are expected to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effects. Unfortunately, the conventional nanodrug delivery systems always suffer from practical dilemmas, including incomplete and slow drug release, insufficient accumulation in infected sites, and weak biofilm penetration ability. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are hence developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional nanoparticles. In this review, we provide an extensive review of the recent progress of endogenous and exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms in the antibacterial area, including planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria, and bacterial biofilms. Taking advantage of the specific infected microenvironment (pH, enzyme, redox, and toxin), the mechanisms and strategies of the design of endogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are discussed, with an emphasis on how to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects. How to realize controlled drug delivery using exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms especially light-responsive nanoparticles for improved antibacterial effects is another topic of this review. We especially highlight photothermal-triggered drug delivery systems by the combination of photothermal agents and thermo-responsive materials. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
不断增加的细菌耐药性已成为全球公共卫生的一大威胁，这使得开发创新的抗菌策略变得迫在眉睫。基于纳米技术的药物递送系统被认为是对抗细菌感染的有前景的策略，有望提高治疗效果并将副作用降至最低。不幸的是，传统的纳米药物递送系统总是面临实际困境，包括药物释放不完全和缓慢、在感染部位的积累不足以及生物膜穿透能力弱。因此，开发了刺激响应性纳米平台以克服传统纳米颗粒的缺点。在本综述中，我们广泛回顾了内源性和外源性刺激响应性纳米平台在抗菌领域的最新进展，包括浮游细菌、细胞内细菌和细菌生物膜。利用特定的感染微环境（pH、酶、氧化还原和毒素），讨论了内源性刺激响应性纳米平台的设计机制和策略，重点是如何提高治疗效果并将副作用降至最低。如何利用外源性刺激响应性纳米平台尤其是光响应性纳米颗粒实现可控药物递送以提高抗菌效果是本综述的另一个主题。我们特别强调通过光热剂和热响应材料的组合实现光热触发的药物递送系统。本文分类如下：治疗方法与药物发现>传染病的纳米医学；治疗方法与药物发现>新兴技术。
