在加拿大 3 所联邦监狱中被监禁人群对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种意愿的决定因素：一项横断面研究。
Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine willingness among people incarcerated in 3 Canadian federal prisons: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (Romanchuk, Linthwaite, Cox, Park, Dussault, Lebouché, Kronfli), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Cox, Basta, Kronfli), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University; Department of Medicine (Cox, Lebouché, Kronfli), Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Correctional Service Canada (Varsaneux, Worthington), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Lebouché), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Faculty of Nursing (MacDonald), University of Alberta; School of Public Health (MacDonald), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Division of Immunization Programs and Pandemic Preparedness (Ismail), Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada and Metro City Medical Clinic, Ottawa, Ont.
出版信息
CMAJ Open. 2022 Oct 23;10(4):E922-E929. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20210248. Print 2022 Oct-Dec.
BACKGROUND
Maximizing uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines among people in prison is essential in mitigating future outbreaks. We aimed to determine factors associated with willingness to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before vaccine availability.
METHODS
We chose 3 Canadian federal prisons based on their low uptake of influenza vaccines in 2019-2020. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and beliefs toward vaccines. The primary outcome was participant willingness to receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, measured using a 5-point Likert scale to the question, "If a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine becomes available in prison, how likely are you to get vaccinated?" We calculated the association of independent variables (age, ethnicity, chronic health conditions, 2019-2020 influenza vaccine uptake and prison security level), identified a priori, with vaccine willingness using logistic regression and crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
We recruited 240 participants from Mar. 31 to Apr. 19, 2021 (median age 46 years; 19.2% female, 25.8% Indigenous). Of these, 178 (74.2%) were very willing to receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Participants who received the 2019-2020 influenza vaccine (adjusted OR 5.20, 95% CI 2.43-12.00) had higher odds of vaccine willingness than those who did not; those who self-identified as Indigenous (adjusted OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11-0.60) and in medium- or maximum-security prisons (adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.12-0.92) had lower odds of vaccine willingness than those who identified as white or those in minimum-security prisons, respectively.
INTERPRETATION
Most participants were very willing to receive vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 before vaccine roll-out. Vaccine promotion campaigns should target groups with low vaccine willingness (i.e., those who have declined influenza vaccine, identify as Indigenous or reside in high-security prisons).
背景
最大限度地提高监狱中人群对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的接种率对于减轻未来的疫情爆发至关重要。我们旨在确定在疫苗供应之前，与接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗意愿相关的因素。
方法
我们选择了 3 所加拿大联邦监狱，依据的是它们在 2019-2020 年期间流感疫苗接种率低。参与者完成了一份关于疫苗知识、态度和信念的自我管理问卷。主要结果是使用 5 点李克特量表测量的参与者接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的意愿，问题是：“如果监狱中出现安全有效的 COVID-19 疫苗，您接种疫苗的可能性有多大？”我们使用逻辑回归和粗和调整后的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI），计算了预先确定的独立变量（年龄、族裔、慢性健康状况、2019-2020 年流感疫苗接种率和监狱安全级别）与疫苗接种意愿之间的关联。
结果
我们于 2021 年 3 月 31 日至 4 月 19 日期间招募了 240 名参与者（中位数年龄 46 岁；19.2%为女性，25.8%为原住民）。其中，178 名（74.2%）非常愿意接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗。与未接种疫苗的参与者相比，接种了 2019-2020 年流感疫苗的参与者（调整后的 OR 5.20，95%CI 2.43-12.00）接种疫苗的意愿更高；与白人或最低安全级别监狱的参与者相比，自我认定为原住民（调整后的 OR 0.27，95%CI 0.11-0.60）和中或最高安全级别监狱（调整后的 OR 0.36，95%CI 0.12-0.92）的参与者接种疫苗的意愿更低。
结论
大多数参与者在疫苗推出前非常愿意接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗。疫苗推广活动应针对疫苗接种意愿较低的群体（即拒绝接种流感疫苗、自认为是原住民或居住在高安全级别监狱的人）。
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