Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain.
Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2023 Mar;62(2):833-845. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-03024-5. Epub 2022 Oct 25.
Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has components with emulsifier properties that could affect the provision of substrates to the brain. We evaluated the effects of MFGM plus milk fat addition to infant formulas on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) availability and gut development.
In Experiment 1, suckling piglets were divided into 3 groups: Group L1 (n = 8): fed with a vegetal fat formula with palm oil; L2 (n = 8): canola oil formula and L3 (n = 8): milk fat + canola oil + 1% Lacprodan (3% MFGM of total protein content). In Experiment 2, Group L4 (n = 7): fed with canola oil + 1% Lacprodan (3% MFGM) and Group L5 (n = 5): milk fat + canola oil + 2% Lacprodan (6% MFGM). All formulas contained 0.2% DHA and 0.2% arachidonic acid.
In Experiment 1, DHA was similar among the groups in both total fatty acids and plasma phospholipids (PL). However, 3% MFGM (L3) increased significantly the proportion of DHA and LC-PUFA n-3 in liver total fatty acids, jejunum, and also in jejunum PL respect to the other formulas. There were no changes in gut histology, cell proliferation, apoptosis, or brain DHA content. In Experiment 2, higher MFGM dose was used. Then, higher DHA was not only found in peripheral tissues of 6% MFGM (L5) piglets but also in plasma PL, while a similar trend was observed in cortex PL (p = 0.123).
In conclusion, MFGM plus milk fat may increase DHA availability of infant formulas which could contribute to their beneficial health effects.
牛奶脂肪球膜（MFGM）具有乳化特性的成分，可能会影响向大脑提供底物。我们评估了 MFGM 加牛奶脂肪添加到婴儿配方奶粉中对二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的可利用性和肠道发育的影响。
在实验 1 中，将哺乳仔猪分为 3 组：L1 组（n=8）：喂食含棕榈油的植物脂肪配方；L2 组（n=8）：菜籽油配方和 L3 组（n=8）：牛奶脂肪+菜籽油+1% Lacprodan（总蛋白质含量的 3% MFGM）。在实验 2 中，L4 组（n=7）喂食含菜籽油+1% Lacprodan（3% MFGM）和 L5 组（n=5）喂食牛奶脂肪+菜籽油+2% Lacprodan（6% MFGM）。所有配方均含有 0.2% DHA 和 0.2%花生四烯酸。
在实验 1 中，各组总脂肪酸和血浆磷脂（PL）中的 DHA 相似。然而，3% MFGM（L3）使肝脏总脂肪酸、空肠和空肠 PL 中的 DHA 和 LC-PUFA n-3 的比例显著增加，与其他配方相比。肠道组织学、细胞增殖、凋亡或大脑 DHA 含量没有变化。在实验 2 中，使用了更高剂量的 MFGM。然后，不仅在 6% MFGM（L5）仔猪的外周组织中发现了更高的 DHA，而且在血浆 PL 中也发现了更高的 DHA，而在大脑皮层 PL 中也观察到了类似的趋势（p=0.123）。
总之，MFGM 加牛奶脂肪可能会增加婴儿配方奶粉中 DHA 的可利用性，这可能有助于它们产生有益的健康影响。
