Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 21;101(42):e31232. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031232.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, placing enormous pressure on healthcare systems and creating a heavy socioeconomic burden. It is urgent to comprehensively study the epidemiological characteristics of DN in diabetic patients and to analyze the related factors to its incidence in order to implement effective prevention and control measures.
Computer-aided searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases will be performed for prospective cohort studies reporting the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations. Studies will be pooled using a generalized linear mixed model, and a single proportion of included studies will be calculated to derive the overall incidence of DN in the diabetic population, and to analyze the effect of different factors on the incidence of DN. Publication bias will be assessed using a funnel plot combined with Begg test. Sensitivity analyses will be performed using the separation method, the exclusion of low-quality studies, and the trim and fill method.
The primary outcome will be the prevalence of DN in the diabetic population; secondary outcomes will be the influence of factors such as age, gender, region, ethnicity, duration of diabetes, type of diabetes, baseline body mass index, baseline glycated hemoglobin level, baseline blood pressure, quality of included studies, and follow-up time on the prevalence of DN in diabetic patients.
Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, the study will more comprehensively obtain the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations worldwide, and gain a deeper understanding of the differences in the prevalence of DN in diabetic populations with different characteristics, so as to provide evidence for the management of diabetes and the prevention of DN.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是全球范围内导致终末期肾病的主要原因，给医疗保健系统带来了巨大压力，并造成了沉重的社会经济负担。全面研究糖尿病患者中 DN 的流行病学特征，并分析其发病的相关因素，对于实施有效的预防和控制措施非常紧迫。
将通过计算机辅助检索 MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 CINAHL 数据库，以获取报告糖尿病患者中 DN 患病率的前瞻性队列研究。将使用广义线性混合模型对研究进行汇总，并计算纳入研究的单一比例，以得出糖尿病人群中 DN 的总体发病率，并分析不同因素对 DN 发病率的影响。将使用漏斗图结合 Begg 检验评估发表偏倚。将通过分离法、排除低质量研究以及修剪和填充法进行敏感性分析。
主要结局将是糖尿病人群中 DN 的患病率；次要结局将是年龄、性别、地区、种族、糖尿病病程、糖尿病类型、基线体重指数、基线糖化血红蛋白水平、基线血压、纳入研究的质量以及随访时间等因素对糖尿病患者中 DN 患病率的影响。
通过这项系统评价和荟萃分析，研究将更全面地获得全球范围内糖尿病患者中 DN 的患病率，并更深入地了解不同特征的糖尿病患者中 DN 患病率的差异，从而为糖尿病的管理和 DN 的预防提供证据。
