Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States; Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science Center, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, 1010 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14202, United States.
Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science Center, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, 1010 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14202, United States.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Dec;68:104235. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104235. Epub 2022 Oct 9.
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the well-being of persons with neuroinflammatory diseases (pwNID). Identifying factors that influence the response to challenging conditions could guide supportive care.
2185 pwNID and 1079 healthy controls (HCs) from five US centers completed an online survey regarding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and psychological well-being. Survey instruments included resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC), loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale), social support (modified social support survey, MSSS-5), personality traits (NEO-Five Factor Inventory, NEO-FFI), and disability (Patient-Determined Disability Steps (PDDS). Step-wise regression models and mediation analyses assessed whether the level of self-reported resilience, size of the social support, and specific personality traits (study predictors) were associated with self-reported disability and/or loneliness (study outcomes).
The response rate varied significantly between the questionnaires. While, all pwNID completed the demographic questionnaire, 78.8% completed the loneliness questionnaire and 49.7% completed the NEO-FFI. Based on 787 responses, greater neuroticism (standardized β = 0.312, p < 0.001), less social support (standardized β = -0.242, p < 0.001), lower extraversion (standardized β = -0.083, p=0.017), lower agreeableness (standardized β = -0.119, p < 0.001), and lower resilience (standardized β = -0.125, p = 0.002) were associated with the feeling of loneliness. Social support and resilience modestly but significantly mediated the association between personality traits and loneliness. Older age (standardized β = 0.165, p < 0.001) and lower conscientiousness (standardized β = -0.094, p = 0.007) were associated with worse disability (higher PDDS scores). There were no differences in outcomes between pwNID and HCs.
Greater social support potentially attenuates the association between neuroticism and the feeling of loneliness in pwNID during the COVID-19 pandemic. Assessment of personality traits may identify pwNID that are in greater need of social support and guide targeted interventions.
COVID-19 大流行对神经炎症性疾病患者（pwNID）的健康产生了负面影响。确定影响应对挑战性条件的因素可以指导支持性护理。
来自美国五个中心的 2185 名 pwNID 和 1079 名健康对照者（HCs）完成了一项关于 COVID-19 大流行对身心健康影响的在线调查。调查工具包括韧性（Connor-Davidson 韧性量表，CD-RISC）、孤独感（加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表）、社会支持（改良社会支持量表，MSSS-5）、人格特质（大五人格量表，NEO-FFI）和残疾（患者确定残疾步骤（PDDS）。逐步回归模型和中介分析评估了自我报告的韧性水平、社会支持的大小以及特定人格特质（研究预测因素）是否与自我报告的残疾和/或孤独感（研究结果）相关。
问卷之间的回复率差异显著。虽然所有 pwNID 都完成了人口统计学问卷，但 78.8%的人完成了孤独感问卷，49.7%的人完成了 NEO-FFI。基于 787 份回复，更高的神经质（标准化 β=0.312，p<0.001）、较少的社会支持（标准化 β=-0.242，p<0.001）、较低的外向性（标准化 β=-0.083，p=0.017）、较低的宜人性（标准化 β=-0.119，p<0.001）和较低的韧性（标准化 β=-0.125，p=0.002）与孤独感有关。社会支持和韧性适度但显著地调节了人格特质与孤独感之间的关联。年龄较大（标准化 β=0.165，p<0.001）和较低的尽责性（标准化 β=-0.094，p=0.007）与残疾程度恶化（更高的 PDDS 评分）相关。pwNID 和 HCs 之间的结果没有差异。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，更大的社会支持可能会减轻 pwNID 中神经质与孤独感之间的关联。评估人格特质可以识别出更需要社会支持的 pwNID，并指导有针对性的干预措施。
