Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Jan 15;321:108-113. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.018. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
This study aimed to investigate the association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder among South Korean adolescents.
Participants were selected from the Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey 2020. The primary dependent variable was the generalized anxiety disorder that was measured based on seven item instrument (GAD-7). The main exposure of interest was the smartphone overdependence using the integrated scale developed by the National Information Society Agency in Korea. Weighted chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to assess the association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder.
The final participants comprised of 54,948 middle and high school students. 13,775 students (25.1 %) were classified as the smartphone overdependence group. Of those who reported overly dependent on smartphones, 2803 students (20.3 %) had generalized anxiety disorder. The risk for generalized anxiety disorder were 2.15 folds (95 % CI 2.01-2.30) higher among the overdependence group in compared to their counterparts. Specifically, the risk for generalized anxiety disorder increased when smartphone has negatively affected relationships with friends and colleagues (OR: 2.35, 95 % CI 2.08-2.64). The sensitivity of smartphone overdependence scale was verified and the risk for generalized anxiety disorder increased in magnitude with the severity of smartphone overdependence.
The findings of the study showed significant association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder among South Korean adolescents. The negative changes in social relationships due to excessive smartphone use and the severity of overdependence accounted for the risk for generalized anxiety disorder.
本研究旨在探讨韩国青少年智能手机过度依赖与广泛性焦虑障碍之间的关联。
参与者选自 2020 年韩国青少年健康行为调查。主要因变量是基于七项工具（GAD-7）测量的广泛性焦虑障碍。主要暴露因素是韩国国家信息社会局开发的综合量表所衡量的智能手机过度依赖。使用加权卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归评估智能手机过度依赖与广泛性焦虑障碍之间的关联。
最终纳入了 54948 名中小学生。13775 名学生（25.1%）被归类为智能手机过度依赖组。在报告过度依赖智能手机的学生中，有 2803 名（20.3%）患有广泛性焦虑障碍。与对照组相比，过度依赖组患广泛性焦虑障碍的风险高出 2.15 倍（95%CI 2.01-2.30）。具体而言，当智能手机对与朋友和同事的关系产生负面影响时，患广泛性焦虑障碍的风险增加（OR：2.35，95%CI 2.08-2.64）。验证了智能手机过度依赖量表的敏感性，随着智能手机过度依赖的严重程度增加，患广泛性焦虑障碍的风险也随之增加。
研究结果表明，韩国青少年中智能手机过度依赖与广泛性焦虑障碍之间存在显著关联。过度使用智能手机导致的社交关系负面变化以及过度依赖的严重程度，解释了患广泛性焦虑障碍的风险。
