College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 2;14(1):7725. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58152-1.
Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to smartphone overdependence. Therefore, we identified the factors influencing smartphone overdependence and risk subgroups among adolescents. The current study is a secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The survey targeted middle- and high-school students in South Korea aged 12-18 using stratified, clustered, multistage probability sampling, and 53,457 students from 793 schools participated in this study. Complex sample data were analyzed considering the strata, clusters, and weights. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed age, gender, household economic status, anxiety, loneliness, depressive symptoms, and experience of violent treatment as significant predictors of smartphone overdependence. Adolescents with severe anxiety were at a 3.326 times higher risk of smartphone overdependence than adolescents with minimal anxiety. Decision tree analysis showed that anxiety, gender, loneliness, and depressive symptoms were important in differentiating risk subgroups, with anxiety being the most significant factor. Group 13, comprising girls with severe anxiety, had the highest risk at 52.9%. Thus, early detection and prevention of issues such as anxiety, loneliness, and depressive symptoms, as well as treatment for violence, can prevent smartphone overdependence among adolescents. Additionally, more thorough interventions for anxiety are warranted to prevent smartphone overdependence.
青少年特别容易过度依赖智能手机。因此，我们确定了影响青少年过度依赖智能手机的因素和风险亚组。本研究是对 2020 年韩国青少年风险行为调查的全国代表性数据的二次分析。该调查使用分层、聚类、多阶段概率抽样，针对韩国 12-18 岁的中学生和高中生，共有 793 所学校的 53457 名学生参与了这项研究。考虑到层、聚类和权重，对复杂样本数据进行了分析。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，年龄、性别、家庭经济状况、焦虑、孤独、抑郁症状和暴力经历是智能手机过度依赖的显著预测因素。严重焦虑的青少年智能手机过度依赖的风险是轻度焦虑的青少年的 3.326 倍。决策树分析显示，焦虑、性别、孤独和抑郁症状是区分风险亚组的重要因素，其中焦虑是最重要的因素。焦虑程度严重的女孩（第 13 组）风险最高，为 52.9%。因此，早期发现和预防焦虑、孤独和抑郁等问题，以及对暴力的治疗，可以预防青少年过度依赖智能手机。此外，还需要更彻底的焦虑干预措施来预防智能手机过度依赖。
