Pasley J N, Powell E W, Halberg F
Prog Clin Biol Res. 1987;227B:467-71.
Voluntary drinking responses to an alternating three-bottle, two-choice paradigm to tap water or to 5% ethanol were measured in adult male Fisher (Fshr; N = 14) and spontaneously hypertensive (SP; N = 16) rats for 6-9 days. All animals were singly caged and housed separately in isolation chambers. The animals received light from 0600 to 1800 (CST) daily (LD 12:12) or remained in constant darkness (DD) at room temperature (23 degrees C). Food was freely available. Water and ethanol bottles were changed daily, and volumes of the respective fluids consumed by each rat were measured. A dim red light (approximately 0.5 lux) was used in handling animals in the dark. SP rats demonstrated significant (P less than 0.05) circadian drinking patterns of water and ethanol consumption under LD and DD lighting conditions. Fshr rats, however, exhibited a circadian pattern (P less than 0.02) only with regard to water consumption under an LD 12:12 lighting schedule; they did not exhibit circadian patterns of drinking water (P less than 0.054) in DD or ethanol in LD (P less than 0.24) or in DD (P less than 0.67) conditions. Volumes of ethanol consumption were also greater (P less than 0.05) in SP rats than in Fshr rats. It is concluded that differences exist in circadian drinking behaviors for both water and ethanol intake in two strains of rats. Perhaps variation in circadian patterns is an evolutionary mechanism that programs behavior over an appropriate time span for differences in physiological needs of nocturnal animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在成年雄性Fisher大鼠（Fshr；N = 14）和自发性高血压大鼠（SP；N = 16）中，测量了它们对交替出现的三瓶、二选一范式（自来水或5%乙醇）的自愿饮水反应，持续6 - 9天。所有动物单独饲养在隔离笼中，置于隔离室。动物每天在0600至1800（中部标准时间）接受光照（光照周期12:12），或处于室温（23摄氏度）的持续黑暗（DD）环境中。食物可自由获取。每天更换水瓶和乙醇瓶，并测量每只大鼠消耗的相应液体体积。在黑暗中处理动物时使用昏暗的红光（约0.5勒克斯）。SP大鼠在光照周期和持续黑暗光照条件下，水和乙醇消耗呈现出显著的（P < 0.05）昼夜饮水模式。然而，Fshr大鼠仅在12:12光照周期下饮水呈现昼夜模式（P < 0.02）；在持续黑暗条件下饮水（P < 0.054）、在光照周期下饮用乙醇（P < 0.24）或在持续黑暗条件下饮用乙醇（P < 0.67）均未呈现昼夜模式。SP大鼠的乙醇消耗量也高于Fshr大鼠（P < 0.05）。结论是，两种品系大鼠在水和乙醇摄入的昼夜饮水行为上存在差异。昼夜模式的变化可能是一种进化机制，它根据夜行性动物生理需求的差异，在适当的时间跨度内规划行为。（摘要截选至250字）
