Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Paris, France; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Paris, France; Institut du Cancer Paris Carpem, Department of Biology, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2022;373:125-158. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.08.003. Epub 2022 Sep 26.
Numerous pro-autophagic dietary interventions are being investigated for their potential cancer-preventive or therapeutic effects. This applies to different fasting regimens, methionine restriction and ketogenic diets. In addition, the supplementation of specific micronutrients such as nicotinamide (vitamin B3) or spermidine induces autophagy. In humans, leanness, plant-based diets (that may lead to partial methionine restriction) and high dietary uptake of spermidine are associated with a low incidence of cancers. Moreover, clinical trials have demonstrated the capacity of nicotinamide to prevent non-melanoma skin carcinogenesis. Multiple interventional trials are evaluating the capacity of autophagy-inducing regimens to improve the outcome of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of autophagy induction by nutritional interventions, as well as the mechanisms through which autophagy induction in malignant or immune cells improves anticancer immunosurveillance.
许多促进自噬的饮食干预措施正在被研究，以评估它们在预防癌症或治疗癌症方面的潜在效果。这适用于不同的禁食方案、蛋氨酸限制和生酮饮食。此外，补充特定的微量营养素，如烟酰胺（维生素 B3）或亚精胺，也会诱导自噬。在人类中，消瘦、植物性饮食（可能导致部分蛋氨酸限制）和高膳食亚精胺摄入与癌症发病率低有关。此外，临床试验已经证明了烟酰胺预防非黑色素瘤皮肤癌发生的能力。多项干预性临床试验正在评估诱导自噬方案改善化疗和免疫疗法效果的能力。在这里，我们讨论了营养干预诱导自噬的机制基础，以及诱导恶性或免疫细胞自噬改善抗肿瘤免疫监视的机制。
