Penrhyn-Lowe Oliver B, Cassin Savannah R, Chambon Pierre, Rannard Steve P
Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street L69 7ZD UK
Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool Crown Street L69 7ZD UK.
Nanoscale Adv. 2022 Aug 22;4(19):4051-4058. doi: 10.1039/d2na00399f. eCollection 2022 Sep 27.
Amine functionality offers the modification of polymer properties to enable stimuli-responsive behaviour, and this feature has been utilised in numerous studies of self-assembly and disassembly. The ability to place amines as pendant groups along linear polymer backbones within distinct blocks, at chain ends or as statistical mixtures with other functionalities, has allowed fine tuning of responses to pH. Here we study and compare the placement of amines within the backbones or as pendant groups within polyesters synthesised by the newly reported transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation (TBRT). Branched polymers with backbone amines are clearly shown to undergo dissolution that is determined by pH and telogen selection; they undergo nanoprecipitation only when hydrophilic telogens are present within their structure and provide nanoprecipitates that are highly sensitive to the addition of acid. In contrast, TBRT polymers with pendant amines form uniform nanoparticles with remarkable stability to pH changes, under identical nanoprecipitation conditions. The behaviour differences shown here open new avenues of synthetic flexibility for pH-responsive polymer design using TBRT.
胺官能团可用于改性聚合物性能,以实现刺激响应行为,这一特性已在众多自组装和拆卸研究中得到应用。将胺作为侧基沿着线性聚合物主链放置在不同嵌段中、链端或与其他官能团形成统计混合物的能力,使得对pH响应的微调成为可能。在此,我们研究并比较了胺在通过新报道的转移主导的支化自由基端粒化(TBRT)合成的聚酯主链内或作为侧基的位置。具有主链胺的支化聚合物明显表现出由pH和调聚剂选择决定的溶解过程;只有当亲水性调聚剂存在于其结构中并提供对添加酸高度敏感的纳米沉淀时,它们才会发生纳米沉淀。相比之下,在相同的纳米沉淀条件下,具有侧基胺的TBRT聚合物形成对pH变化具有显著稳定性的均匀纳米颗粒。此处所示的行为差异为使用TBRT进行pH响应聚合物设计开辟了新的合成灵活性途径。