Sharma Anshul, Lee Hae-Jeung
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea.
Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Sep 30;44(10):4570-4583. doi: 10.3390/cimb44100313.
Inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of berries have been investigated but the anti-inflammatory activity of bilberry has received little attention and a detailed review is yet to be published. Therefore, we compiled information on the phytochemicals of bilberry and preclinical and clinical studies of its anti-inflammatory properties. The review was based on studies from 2007 to date. Phytoconstituents of bilberries were phenolic acids, organic acids, anthocyanins, coumarins, flavonols, flavanols, tannins, terpenoids, and volatile chemicals. Data from cell and animal model studies show that bilberry has an anti-inflammatory effect by lowering tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β expression, inducing nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenases, and altering the nuclear factor kappa B and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways. Bilberry supplementation as fruits (frozen, processed, and whole), juices, and anthocyanins reduced levels of inflammatory markers in most clinical studies of metabolic disorders. Therefore, bilberry may be useful for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders.
炎症在几种慢性疾病的发病机制中起着重要作用。浆果的抗炎特性已得到研究，但越橘的抗炎活性却很少受到关注，且尚未发表详细综述。因此，我们收集了有关越橘植物化学物质及其抗炎特性的临床前和临床研究的信息。该综述基于2007年至今的研究。越橘的植物成分包括酚酸、有机酸、花青素、香豆素、黄酮醇、黄烷醇、单宁、萜类化合物和挥发性化学物质。细胞和动物模型研究数据表明，越橘通过降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素（IL）-6和IL-1β的表达、诱导一氧化氮合酶和环氧化酶以及改变核因子κB和Janus激酶-信号转导子和转录激活子信号通路，从而具有抗炎作用。在大多数关于代谢紊乱的临床研究中，食用越橘果实（冷冻、加工和完整的）、果汁以及补充花青素可降低炎症标志物水平。因此，越橘可能对预防和治疗慢性炎症性疾病有用。
