Chudzińska Małgorzata, Wołowiec Łukasz, Banach Joanna, Rogowicz Daniel, Grześk Grzegorz
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dębowa 3 Street, 85-626 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022 Sep 22;9(10):317. doi: 10.3390/jcdd9100317.
Excessive consumption of alcohol is not only a social problem, but it also significantly increases the morbidity and mortality rates of many societies. A correlation has been demonstrated between alcohol consumption and increased mortality from cancer, accidents and injuries, liver cirrhosis and other causes. Alcohol abuse increases the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke and the risk of ischemic stroke, induces serious arrhythmias, adversely affects blood pressure and damages the heart muscle. The dose and way of drinking alcohol play a crucial role in assessing whether this drink allows people to maintain health or whether it is a great health and social threat. The beneficial effects of low and moderate doses of alcohol on the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases have been shown in many population studies and meta-analyses in which the effect of U-shaped or J-shaped curves relating alcohol intake to cardiovascular mortality was observed, especially in ischemic heart disease. However, due to the fact that alcohol consumption is associated with many health hazards, it is not recommended to consume it as a preventive action of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, recent studies suggest that association of low-to-moderate alcohol consumption with the reduction in cardiovascular risk is a result of lifestyle changes and that any reduction in alcohol consumption is in fact beneficial in terms of general health.
过度饮酒不仅是一个社会问题，还会显著提高许多群体的发病率和死亡率。饮酒与癌症、事故和伤害、肝硬化及其他原因导致的死亡率上升之间已被证实存在关联。酗酒会增加出血性中风的发病率和缺血性中风的风险，引发严重心律失常，对血压产生不利影响，并损害心肌。饮酒的剂量和方式在评估这种饮品是否能让人保持健康或是否构成重大健康和社会威胁方面起着关键作用。许多人群研究和荟萃分析表明，低剂量和中等剂量饮酒对心血管疾病的发生具有有益影响，在这些研究中观察到饮酒量与心血管死亡率呈U形或J形曲线关系，尤其是在缺血性心脏病方面。然而，由于饮酒与许多健康危害相关，不建议将其作为预防心血管疾病的措施。此外，最近的研究表明，低至中等量饮酒与心血管风险降低之间的关联是生活方式改变的结果，实际上减少饮酒量对整体健康有益。
