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肌腱3D支架构建了一个定制的微环境,引导旁分泌介导的再生羊膜上皮干细胞潜能。

Tendon 3D Scaffolds Establish a Tailored Microenvironment Instructing Paracrine Mediated Regenerative Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells Potential.

作者信息

Russo Valentina, El Khatib Mohammad, Prencipe Giuseppe, Mauro Annunziata, Di Giacinto Oriana, Haidar-Montes Arlette A, Pulcini Fanny, Dufrusine Beatrice, Cerveró-Varona Adrián, Faydaver Melisa, Di Berardino Chiara, Dainese Enrico, Berardinelli Paolo, Schnabelrauch Matthias, Barboni Barbara

机构信息

Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.

Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.

出版信息

Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 14;10(10):2578. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10102578.

Abstract

Tendon tissue engineering aims to develop effective implantable scaffolds, with ideally the native tissue's characteristics, able to drive tissue regeneration. This research focused on fabricating tendon-like PLGA 3D biomimetic scaffolds with highly aligned fibers and verifying their influence on the biological potential of amniotic epithelial stem cells (AECs), in terms of tenodifferentiation and immunomodulation, with respect to fleeces. The produced 3D scaffolds better resemble native tendon tissue, both macroscopically, microscopically, and biomechanically. From a biological point of view, these constructs were able to instruct AECs genotypically and phenotypically. In fact, cells engineered on 3D scaffolds acquired an elongated tenocyte-like morphology; this was different from control AECs, which retained their polygonal morphology. The boosted AECs tenodifferentiation by 3D scaffolds was confirmed by the upregulation of tendon-related genes (, and ) and TNMD protein expression. The produced constructs also prompted AECs' immunomodulatory potential, both at the gene and paracrine level. This enhanced immunomodulatory profile was confirmed by a greater stimulatory effect on THP-1-activated macrophages. These biological effects have been related to the mechanotransducer YAP activation evidenced by its nuclear translocation. Overall, these results support the biomimicry of PLGA 3D scaffolds, revealing that not only fiber alignment but also scaffold topology provide an in vitro favorable tenodifferentiative and immunomodulatory microenvironment for AECs that could potentially stimulate tendon regeneration.

摘要

肌腱组织工程旨在开发具有理想的天然组织特性、能够驱动组织再生的有效可植入支架。本研究聚焦于制造具有高度排列纤维的肌腱样聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)三维仿生支架,并验证其对羊膜上皮干细胞(AECs)生物学潜能的影响,即在肌腱分化和免疫调节方面相对于绒毛的影响。所制备的三维支架在宏观、微观和生物力学方面都更类似于天然肌腱组织。从生物学角度来看,这些构建体能够在基因型和表型上指导AECs。事实上,在三维支架上工程化的细胞获得了细长的腱细胞样形态;这与保留多边形形态的对照AECs不同。肌腱相关基因(、和)的上调以及TNMD蛋白表达证实了三维支架对AECs肌腱分化的促进作用。所制备的构建体在基因和旁分泌水平上也促进了AECs的免疫调节潜能。对THP-1激活的巨噬细胞具有更大的刺激作用,证实了这种增强的免疫调节特征。这些生物学效应与机械转导蛋白YAP的核转位所证明的激活有关。总体而言,这些结果支持PLGA三维支架的仿生学,表明不仅纤维排列,而且支架拓扑结构为AECs提供了体外有利的肌腱分化和免疫调节微环境,这可能潜在地刺激肌腱再生。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e9f7/9599634/550e6e10295b/biomedicines-10-02578-g001.jpg

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