Hu Dini, Wang Chen, Ente Make, Zhang Ke, Zhang Dong, Li Xuefeng, Li Kai, Chu Hongjun
School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No.35, Beijing 100083, China.
Xinjiang Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve Management Center, Changji 831100, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 21;12(20):2874. doi: 10.3390/ani12202874.
Intestinal microbiota play an important role in the survival of the host. However, no study to date has elucidated the adjustment of intestinal microbiota of the host during rewilding. Thus, this study aims to describe the intestinal bacterial community of reintroduced Przewalski’s horse (RPH) after being released into their original habitat for approximately 20 years in comparison with that of captive Przewalski’s horse (CPH), sympatric domestic horse (DH) and Mongolian wild ass (MWA) by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that the prevalent bacterial communities were different among CPHs, RPHs, DHs and MWAs at the family level. NMDS and ANOSIM analysis showed that the pattern of bacterial community composition in captive equines was distinct from that in the wild groups. It is shown that some bacteria had significant differences among different taxa (p < 0.001), such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Armatimonadetes, Clostrida, Bacteroidia, Clostridiales, Bacteroidales, Rikenellaceae and Bacteroidales_UCG-001. These bacteria were associated with the transition from in captive to in the wild (CPH and RPH), which reflected the change of environmental conditions. Meanwhile, Proteobacteria, Clostridia, Bacilli, Negativicutes, Gammaproteobacteria, Clostridiales, Bacillales, Selenomonadales, Pseudomonadales and Planococcaceae were the changed groups among RPHs, MWAs and DHs, which are related to feeding habits and diseases. Our results clearly showed the differences between intestinal microbiota in reintroduced animals and wild animals and led us to understand the survival state of reintroduced animals in the wild.
肠道微生物群在宿主的生存中起着重要作用。然而，迄今为止尚无研究阐明宿主在野化过程中肠道微生物群的调整情况。因此，本研究旨在通过对16S rRNA基因进行测序，描述重新引入的普氏野马（RPH）在放归原栖息地约20年后的肠道细菌群落，并与圈养普氏野马（CPH）、同域家马（DH）和蒙古野驴（MWA）进行比较。结果表明，在科水平上，CPH、RPH、DH和MWA中普遍存在的细菌群落有所不同。NMDS和ANOSIM分析表明，圈养马属动物的细菌群落组成模式与野生群体不同。结果显示，不同分类群之间的一些细菌存在显著差异（p < 0.001），如厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、装甲菌门、梭菌纲、拟杆菌纲、梭菌目、拟杆菌目、理研菌科和拟杆菌目_UCG - 001。这些细菌与从圈养到野外（CPH和RPH）的转变相关，反映了环境条件的变化。同时，变形菌门、梭菌纲、芽孢杆菌纲、厌氧根瘤菌纲、γ-变形菌纲、梭菌目、芽孢杆菌目、月形单胞菌目、假单胞菌目和动性球菌科是RPH、MWA和DH中的变化群体，它们与饮食习惯和疾病有关。我们的结果清楚地显示了重新引入动物和野生动物肠道微生物群之间的差异，并使我们了解重新引入动物在野外的生存状态。
