Wu Shuaiying, Liu Chao, Bai Shuang, Lu Zhixiang, Liu Gang
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2022 Oct 19;9(10):576. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9100576.
RNA-based therapy is a promising and innovative strategy for cancer treatment. However, poor stability, immunogenicity, low cellular uptake rate, and difficulty in endosomal escape are considered the major obstacles in the cancer therapy process, severely limiting the development of clinical translation and application. For efficient and safe transport of RNA into cancer cells, it usually needs to be packaged in appropriate carriers so that it can be taken up by the target cells and then be released to the specific location to perform its function. In this review, we will focus on up-to-date insights of the RNA-based delivery carrier and comprehensively describe its application in cancer therapy. We briefly discuss delivery obstacles in RNA-mediated cancer therapy and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different carriers (cationic polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, lipids, etc.). In addition, we further summarize and discuss the current RNA therapeutic strategies approved for clinical use. A comprehensive overview of various carriers and emerging delivery strategies for RNA delivery, as well as the current status of clinical applications and practice of RNA medicines are classified and integrated to inspire fresh ideas and breakthroughs.
基于RNA的疗法是一种很有前景的创新性癌症治疗策略。然而，稳定性差、免疫原性、细胞摄取率低以及难以从内涵体逃逸被认为是癌症治疗过程中的主要障碍，严重限制了临床转化和应用的发展。为了将RNA高效安全地转运到癌细胞中，通常需要将其包装在合适的载体中，以便被靶细胞摄取，然后释放到特定位置发挥其功能。在这篇综述中，我们将聚焦于基于RNA的递送载体的最新见解，并全面描述其在癌症治疗中的应用。我们简要讨论RNA介导的癌症治疗中的递送障碍，并总结不同载体（阳离子聚合物、无机纳米颗粒、脂质等）的优缺点。此外，我们进一步总结并讨论目前已批准用于临床的RNA治疗策略。对各种用于RNA递送的载体和新兴递送策略、RNA药物的临床应用现状和实践进行了分类整合，以激发新的思路和突破。
