Onsongo Susan K, Mohamed Samira A, Akutse Komivi S, Gichimu Bernard M, Dubois Thomas
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
Department of Agricultural Resource Management, University of Embu, Embu 60100, Kenya.
Insects. 2022 Sep 21;13(10):859. doi: 10.3390/insects13100859.
In the laboratory, the pathogenicity of thirteen isolates of (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and two isolates of (Balsamo) Vuillemin against the melon fly (Coquillett) were assessed by exposing adults to 0.3 g of dry conidia (~3 × 10 conidia) of each isolate for 5 min and monitoring mortality for up to 5 days. Compatibility with a male pheromone, cuelure, (4-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone), was determined by testing conidial germination and germ tube growth of the most promising isolate, ICIPE 69, in the presence of cuelure at different temperatures. For horizontal transmission, the flies were separated by sex, separately exposed to ICIPE 69, and subsequently mixed with non-exposed flies from the other sex. The most pathogenic isolates were ICIPE 69, 18, and 30, causing mortalities of 94, 87, and 81%, with 5 days post-exposure, respectively. ICIPE 69 caused the highest pupal mortality of 74%, with 15 days post-exposure. Horizontal transmission of ICIPE 69 among male and female was confirmed by 59 and 67% mortality after exposure to infected donor males and females, respectively. ICIPE 69 affected the oviposition, but not hatchability, of infected females. ICIPE 69 is, therefore, a potential isolate for biopesticide development for management in cucurbit production systems.
在实验室中，通过让成虫接触0.3克每种分离株的干分生孢子（约3×10个分生孢子）5分钟，并监测长达5天的死亡率，评估了13株巴氏新萨托菌（Metschnikoff）索罗金分离株和2株拟青霉（Balsamo）维勒明分离株对瓜实蝇（Coquillett）的致病性。通过在不同温度下在诱虫酮（4-（对乙酰氧基苯基）-2-丁酮）存在的情况下测试最有前景的分离株ICIPE 69的分生孢子萌发和芽管生长，来确定其与雄虫性信息素诱虫酮的兼容性。对于水平传播，将果蝇按性别分开，分别暴露于ICIPE 69，随后与来自另一性别的未暴露果蝇混合。致病性最强的分离株是ICIPE 69、18和30，暴露5天后的死亡率分别为94%、87%和81%。暴露15天后，ICIPE 69导致的最高蛹死亡率为74%。分别暴露于受感染的供体雄蝇和雌蝇后，ICIPE 69在雄蝇和雌蝇中的水平传播得到证实，死亡率分别为59%和67%。ICIPE 69影响受感染瓜实蝇雌蝇的产卵，但不影响孵化率。因此，ICIPE 69是用于葫芦科生产系统中瓜实蝇防治的生物农药开发的潜在分离株。
