Wach Tomasz, Skorupska Małgorzata, Trybek Grzegorz
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Zeromskiego Str., 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Oral Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2022 Oct 19;11(20):6158. doi: 10.3390/jcm11206158.
The reason why marginal bone loss (MBL) occurs after dental implant insertion without loading has not yet been clearly investigated. There are publications that confirm or reject the notion that there are factors that induce marginal bone loss, but no research investigates what exactly occurs in the bone surrounding the implant neck. In this study, 2196 samples of dental implant neck bone radiographs were analyzed. The follow-up period was 3 months without functional loading of the implant. Marginal bone loss was evaluated in relation to the torque used during the final phase of implant insertion. Radiographic texture features were also analyzed and evaluated. The analyses were performed individually for the anterior and posterior part of the alveolar crest in both the mandible and maxilla. After 3 months, an MBL relation with higher torque (higher than 40 Ncm; p < 0.05) was observed, but only in the lower jaw. The texture features Sum Average (SumAverg), Entropy, Difference Entropy (DifEntr), Long-Run Emphasis (LngREmph), Short-Run Emphasis (ShrtREmph), and discrete wavelet decomposition transform features were changed over time. This study presents that MBL is related to the torque value during dental implant insertion and the location of the procedure. The increasing values of SumAverg and LngREmph correlated with MBL, which were 64.21 to 64.35 and 1.71 to 2.01, respectively. The decreasing values of Entr, DifEntr, and ShrtREmph also correlated with MBL, which were 2.58 to 2.47, 1.11 to 1.01, and 0.88 to 0.84, respectively. The analyzed texture features may become good indicators of MBL in digital dental surgery.
牙种植体植入后未加载时发生边缘骨丢失（MBL）的原因尚未得到明确研究。有一些出版物证实或否定了存在诱导边缘骨丢失的因素这一观点，但没有研究调查种植体颈部周围骨中究竟发生了什么。在本研究中，分析了2196份牙种植体颈部骨X光片样本。随访期为3个月，种植体未进行功能加载。根据种植体植入最后阶段使用的扭矩评估边缘骨丢失情况。还对射线照相纹理特征进行了分析和评估。分别对下颌骨和上颌骨牙槽嵴的前部和后部进行了分析。3个月后，观察到MBL与较高扭矩（高于40 Ncm；p < 0.05）有关，但仅在下颌骨中。纹理特征和平均（SumAverg）、熵、差异熵（DifEntr）、长游程强调（LngREmph）、短游程强调（ShrtREmph）以及离散小波分解变换特征随时间发生了变化。本研究表明，MBL与牙种植体植入期间的扭矩值及手术部位有关。SumAverg和LngREmph的增加值与MBL相关，分别为64.21至64.35和1.71至2.01。Entr、DifEntr和ShrtREmph的降低值也与MBL相关，分别为2.58至2.47, 1.11至1.01和0.88至0.84。所分析的纹理特征可能成为数字化牙外科中MBL的良好指标。
