McLaughlin J K, Hrubec Z, Heineman E F, Blot W J, Fraumeni J F
Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Public Health Rep. 1990 Sep-Oct;105(5):535-7.
The cigarette smoking habits of a cohort of almost 250,000 U. S. veterans were analyzed for their relationship to renal cancer. Information on smoking habits was collected in 1954 and in 1957 for nonrespondents to the first effort. Of the veterans, 84 percent returned their questionnaires. The cohort was followed for mortality until 1980, or 26 years. The followup of these military veterans, mostly of World War I, revealed 719 deaths from renal cancer, making this the largest study of renal cancer and cigarette smoking to date. Current smokers had a 47 percent increase in risk relative to nonsmokers. The relative risk for renal cancer increased significantly with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, from 1.31 for 1-9, 1.37 for 10-20, 1.60 for 21-39, and 2.06 for 40 or more. This analysis was unable to separate the risks of cigarette smoking for tumors of the renal parenchyma from those for tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter. However, the results suggest that almost one-fifth of all renal cancer deaths are attributable to cigarette smoking.
对近25万名美国退伍军人的吸烟习惯进行了分析，以研究其与肾癌的关系。1954年收集了吸烟习惯信息，对于首次调查未回应者，1957年再次进行了收集。退伍军人中，84%返还了问卷。对该队列进行随访直至1980年，即26年。对这些主要为第一次世界大战时期的退伍军人的随访显示，有719人死于肾癌，这使得该研究成为迄今为止关于肾癌与吸烟关系的最大规模研究。与不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者的患病风险增加了47%。肾癌的相对风险随着每日吸烟量的增加而显著上升，每天吸1 - 9支烟的相对风险为1.31，10 - 20支为1.37，21 - 39支为1.60，40支及以上为2.06。该分析无法区分吸烟对肾实质肿瘤和肾盂及输尿管肿瘤的风险。然而，结果表明，所有肾癌死亡病例中近五分之一可归因于吸烟。
