Wang Qianchao, Yao Lan, Li Qunying, Xie Heng, Guo Yirui, Huang Tingzhi, Zhang Xuesong, Liu Junna, Zhang Ping, Li Li, Qin Peng
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
College of Foresty and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China.
Metabolites. 2022 Sep 22;12(10):887. doi: 10.3390/metabo12100887.
Quinoa ( Willd.) is a crop with high nutritional and health benefits. Quinoa seeds are rich in flavonoid compounds; however, the mechanisms behind quinoa flavonoid biosynthesis remain unclear. We independently selected the high-generation quinoa strain 'Dianli-3260', and used its seeds at the filling, milk ripening, wax ripening, and mature stages for extensive targeted metabolome analysis combined with joint transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the molecular mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in quinoa seeds was mainly concentrated in two pathways: "flavonoid biosynthesis pathway" and "flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway". Totally, 154 flavonoid-related metabolites, mainly flavones and flavonols, were detected in the four development stages. Moreover, 39,738 genes were annotated with KEGG functions, and most structural genes of flavonoid biosynthesis were differentially expressed during grain development. We analyzed the differential flavonoid metabolites and transcriptome changes between the four development stages of quinoa seeds and found that 11 differential flavonoid metabolites and 22 differential genes were the key factors for the difference in flavonoid biosynthesis. This study provides important information on the mechanisms underlying quinoa flavonoid biosynthesis, the screening of potential quinoa flavonoid biosynthesis regulation target genes, and the development of quinoa products.
藜麦（藜麦属）是一种具有高营养价值和健康益处的作物。藜麦种子富含类黄酮化合物；然而，藜麦类黄酮生物合成背后的机制仍不清楚。我们自主选育了高世代藜麦品种‘滇藜3260’，并在其灌浆期、乳熟期、蜡熟期和成熟期的种子上进行了广泛的靶向代谢组分析，并结合联合转录组分析。结果表明，藜麦种子类黄酮生物合成的分子机制主要集中在两条途径：“类黄酮生物合成途径”和“黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成途径”。在四个发育阶段共检测到154种与类黄酮相关的代谢物，主要是黄酮和黄酮醇。此外，有39738个基因被注释了KEGG功能，并且类黄酮生物合成的大多数结构基因在籽粒发育过程中差异表达。我们分析了藜麦种子四个发育阶段之间类黄酮代谢物差异和转录组变化，发现11种差异类黄酮代谢物和22个差异基因是类黄酮生物合成差异的关键因素。本研究为藜麦类黄酮生物合成的机制、潜在的藜麦类黄酮生物合成调控靶基因的筛选以及藜麦产品的开发提供了重要信息。
