College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 9;23(19):11980. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911980.
, , and , as precious Chinese medicinal materials, have a variety of medicinal properties. Flavonoids are important medicinal components of , but their accumulation rules and biosynthesis mechanisms remain unclear. To explore the similarities and differences of flavonoid accumulation and biosynthesis in these three species, we performed flavonoid content determination, widely-targeted metabolomics and transcriptome sequencing on 1-4 years old species. The results showed that in different growth years, stems had the highest flavonoid content in the second year of growth, while and stems had the highest flavonoid content in the third year of growth. A total of 644 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 10,426 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis. It was found that DAMs and DEGs were not only enriched in the general pathway of "flavonoid biosynthesis", but also in multiple sub-pathways such as "Flavone biosynthesis", and "Flavonol biosynthesis" and "Isoflavonoid biosynthesis". According to a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis, the expression levels of the gene () and two genes ( and ) may be the main genes responsible for the differences in flavonoid accumulation. As a result of this study, we have not only determined the optimal harvesting period for three Dendrobium plants, but also identified the key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and provided a basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of flavonoid synthesis.
、、和作为珍贵的中药材，具有多种药用特性。类黄酮是重要的药用成分，但它们的积累规律和生物合成机制尚不清楚。为了探索这三种石斛属植物中类黄酮积累和生物合成的异同，我们对 1-4 年生的这三种石斛属植物进行了类黄酮含量测定、广泛靶向代谢组学和转录组测序。结果表明，在不同的生长年份中，茎在第二年的生长中具有最高的类黄酮含量，而 和 茎在第三年的生长中具有最高的类黄酮含量。通过代谢组学和转录组学分析，共鉴定出 644 个差异积累代谢物（DAMs）和 10426 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。发现 DAMs 和 DEGs 不仅富集在“类黄酮生物合成”的一般途径中，而且还富集在多个亚途径中，如“黄酮类生物合成”、“黄酮醇生物合成”和“异黄酮生物合成”。根据转录组和代谢组的综合分析，基因（）和两个基因（和）的表达水平可能是导致类黄酮积累差异的主要基因。本研究不仅确定了三种铁皮石斛植物的最佳收获期，还鉴定了参与类黄酮生物合成的关键基因，为进一步研究类黄酮合成的分子机制提供了依据。
