Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, A. Buzzati-Traverso Campus, via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 17;14(20):4341. doi: 10.3390/nu14204341.
Female reproduction focuses mainly on achieving fully grown follicles and competent oocytes to be successfully fertilized, as well as on nourishing the developing offspring once pregnancy occurs. Current evidence demonstrates that obesity and/or high-fat diet regimes can perturbate these processes, leading to female infertility and transgenerational disorders. Since the mechanisms and reproductive processes involved are not yet fully clarified, the present review is designed as a systematic and comparative survey of the available literature. The available data demonstrate the adverse influences of obesity on diverse reproductive processes, such as folliculogenesis, oogenesis, and embryo development/implant. The negative reproductive impact may be attributed to a direct action on reproductive somatic and germinal compartments and/or to an indirect influence mediated by the endocrine, metabolic, and immune axis control systems. Overall, the present review highlights the fragmentation of the current information limiting the comprehension of the reproductive impact of a high-fat diet. Based on the incidence and prevalence of obesity in the Western countries, this topic becomes a research challenge to increase self-awareness of dietary reproductive risk to propose solid and rigorous preventive dietary regimes, as well as to develop targeted pharmacological interventions.
女性生殖主要关注于实现完全成熟的卵泡和有能力的卵子以成功受精，以及在怀孕后滋养发育中的后代。目前的证据表明，肥胖和/或高脂肪饮食会干扰这些过程，导致女性不孕和代际障碍。由于涉及的机制和生殖过程尚未完全阐明，本综述旨在对现有文献进行系统和比较的调查。现有数据表明，肥胖对多种生殖过程有不利影响，如卵泡发生、卵子发生和胚胎发育/着床。这种负面的生殖影响可能归因于对生殖体腔和生殖细胞的直接作用，或通过内分泌、代谢和免疫轴控制系统的间接影响。总的来说，本综述强调了当前信息的碎片化，限制了对高脂肪饮食对生殖影响的理解。基于西方国家肥胖的发病率和流行率，这个话题成为了一个研究挑战，以提高对饮食生殖风险的认识，提出可靠和严格的预防饮食方案，并开发有针对性的药物干预措施。
