Kurek Jakub Michał, Król Ewelina, Staniek Halina, Krejpcio Zbigniew
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Sep 28;15(10):1200. doi: 10.3390/ph15101200.
Bertoni and its glycosides are believed to exhibit several health-promoting properties. Recently, the mechanisms of the anti-diabetic effects of steviol glycosides (SG) have been the subject of intense research. The following study aims to evaluate the results of SG (stevioside (ST) and rebaudioside A (RA)) combined with L-arginine (L-Arg) and chromium(III) (CrIII) supplementation in streptozotocin- (STZ) induced mild type 2 diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), with particular emphasis on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms. The experiment was carried out on 110 male Wistar rats, 100 of which were fed an HFD to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce mild type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of hyperglycemia, the rats were divided into groups. Three groups served as controls: diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with metformin (300 mg/kg BW), and healthy group. Eight groups were fed an HFD enriched with stevioside or rebaudioside A (2500 mg/kg BW) combined with L-arginine (2000 or 4000 mg/kg BW) and Cr(III) (1 or 5 mg/kg BW) for six weeks. The results showed that supplementation with SG (ST and RA) combined with L-arg and Cr(III) could improve blood glucose levels in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, ST was more effective in improving blood glucose levels, insulin resistance indices, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) concentrations than RA. Although L-arg and Cr(III) supplementation did not independently affect most blood carbohydrate and lipid indices, it further improved some biomarkers when combined, particularly with ST. Notably, the beneficial impact of ST on the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and on the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was strengthened when mixed with a high dose of L-arg, while its impact on antioxidant status was improved when combined with a high dose of Cr(III) in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, these results suggest that supplementary stevioside combined with L-arginine and Cr(III) has therapeutic potential for mild type 2 diabetes. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these effects in other experimental models and humans.
人们认为甜叶菊及其糖苷具有多种促进健康的特性。最近，甜菊糖苷（SG）的抗糖尿病作用机制一直是深入研究的课题。以下研究旨在评估甜菊糖苷（甜菊苷（ST）和莱鲍迪苷A（RA））联合补充L-精氨酸（L-Arg）和铬（III）（CrIII）对喂食高脂饮食（HFD）的链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的轻度2型糖尿病大鼠的影响，特别关注碳水化合物和脂质代谢。实验在110只雄性Wistar大鼠上进行，其中100只喂食高脂饮食以诱导胰岛素抵抗，随后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素以诱导轻度2型糖尿病。确认高血糖后，将大鼠分组。三组作为对照：未治疗的糖尿病组、用二甲双胍（300 mg/kg体重）治疗的糖尿病组和健康组。八组喂食富含甜菊苷或莱鲍迪苷A（2500 mg/kg体重）并联合L-精氨酸（2000或4000 mg/kg体重）和Cr（III）（1或5 mg/kg体重）的高脂饮食六周。结果表明，补充甜菊糖苷（ST和RA）联合L-精氨酸和Cr（III）可改善轻度2型糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平。此外，甜菊苷在改善血糖水平、胰岛素抵抗指数和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）浓度方面比莱鲍迪苷A更有效。虽然补充L-精氨酸和Cr（III）单独对大多数血液碳水化合物和脂质指标没有影响，但联合使用时，特别是与甜菊苷联合时，可进一步改善一些生物标志物。值得注意的是，在轻度2型糖尿病大鼠中，甜菊苷与高剂量L-精氨酸混合时，对稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和定量胰岛素敏感性检查指数（QUICKI）的有益影响增强，而与高剂量Cr（III）联合时，其对抗氧化状态的影响得到改善。总之，这些结果表明，补充甜菊苷联合L-精氨酸和Cr（III）对轻度2型糖尿病具有治疗潜力。然而，需要进一步研究以在其他实验模型和人类中证实这些作用。
