Irarrázaval Leonor, Kalawski Juan Pablo
Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Las Américas, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Unidad de Filosofía, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2022 Oct 10;13:1000059. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1000059. eCollection 2022.
In this article we will present a phenomenological approach to empathy and its relationship with emotions in the context of psychotherapy, highlighting the importance of empathy as a key element of the therapist-client relationship and therapeutic process, regardless of the therapist's approach. We will use a consensus definition of empathy taken from phenomenologically oriented philosophy to analyze therapist's empathy, as well as client's self-empathy and client's empathic communication with others. We will discuss emotions as they usually manifest in the context of psychotherapy, specifically describing how certain emotions can disturb empathic communication in close personal relationships and how it is possible to reestablish empathic communication in psychotherapy. This article it is not only based on evidence from scientific literature but also incorporates the authors' practical knowledge of psychotherapy.
在本文中，我们将呈现一种在心理治疗背景下对共情及其与情绪关系的现象学方法，强调共情作为治疗师 - 客户关系及治疗过程关键要素的重要性，无论治疗师采用何种方法。我们将使用从现象学导向哲学中获取的共情共识定义，来分析治疗师的共情、客户的自我共情以及客户与他人的共情沟通。我们将讨论在心理治疗背景下通常表现出的情绪，具体描述某些情绪如何干扰亲密人际关系中的共情沟通，以及如何在心理治疗中重新建立共情沟通。本文不仅基于科学文献的证据，还融入了作者在心理治疗方面的实践知识。
