Aguirre-Becerra Humberto, Feregrino-Pérez Ana Angélica, Esquivel Karen, Perez-Garcia Claudia Elena, Vazquez-Hernandez Ma Cristina, Mariana-Alvarado Aurora
Cuerpo Académico de Bioingeniería Básica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ingeniería - Campus Amazcala, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 11;13:1023636. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1023636. eCollection 2022.
The efficient use of natural resources without negative repercussions to the environment has encouraged the incursion of nanotechnology to provide viable alternatives in diverse areas, including crop management. Agriculture faces challenges due to the combination of different abiotic stresses where nanotechnology can contribute with promising applications. In this context, several studies report that the application of nanoparticles and nanomaterials positively affects crop productivity through different strategies such as green synthesis of nanoparticles, plant targeted protection through the application of nanoherbicides and nanofungicides, precise and constant supply of nutrients through nanofertilizers, and tolerance to abiotic stress (e.g., low or high temperatures, drought, salinity, low or high light intensities, UV-B, metals in soil) by several mechanisms such as activation of the antioxidant enzyme system that alleviates oxidative stress. Thus, the present review focuses on the benefits of NPs against these type of stress and their possible action mechanisms derived from the interaction between nanoparticles and plants, and their potential application for improving agricultural practices.
有效利用自然资源且不对环境造成负面影响，这促使纳米技术得以涉足，从而在包括作物管理在内的多个领域提供可行的替代方案。由于多种非生物胁迫交织，农业面临诸多挑战，而纳米技术可通过一系列前景广阔的应用助力应对这些挑战。在此背景下，多项研究表明，纳米颗粒和纳米材料的应用通过不同策略对作物生产力产生积极影响，比如纳米颗粒的绿色合成、通过施用纳米除草剂和纳米杀菌剂实现对植物的靶向保护、通过纳米肥料精准持续地供应养分，以及通过多种机制（如激活抗氧化酶系统以减轻氧化应激）使作物耐受非生物胁迫（例如低温或高温、干旱、盐度、低光照强度或高光照强度以及UV - B辐射、土壤中的金属）。因此，本综述聚焦于纳米颗粒在应对此类胁迫方面的益处、纳米颗粒与植物相互作用产生的可能作用机制，以及它们在改进农业实践方面的潜在应用。
