Vo Kieu Thi Xuan, Yi Qi, Jeon Jong-Seong
Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
Plant Cell Environ. 2023 Apr;46(4):1143-1156. doi: 10.1111/pce.14477. Epub 2022 Nov 9.
Improving rice immunity is one of the most effective approaches to reduce yield loss by biotic factors, with the aim of increasing rice production by 2050 amidst limited natural resources. Triggering a fast and strong immune response to pathogens, effector-triggered immunity (ETI) has intrigued scientists to intensively study and utilize the mechanisms for engineering highly resistant plants. The conservation of ETI components and mechanisms across species enables the use of ETI components to generate broad-spectrum resistance in plants. Numerous efforts have been made to introduce new resistance (R) genes, widen the effector recognition spectrum and generate on-demand R genes. Although engineering ETI across plant species is still associated with multiple challenges, previous attempts have provided an enhanced understanding of ETI mechanisms. Here, we provide a survey of recent reports in the engineering of rice R genes. In addition, we suggest a framework for future studies of R gene-effector interactions, including genome-scale investigations in both rice and pathogens, followed by structural studies of R proteins and effectors, and potential strategies to use important ETI components to improve rice immunity.
提高水稻免疫力是减少生物因素造成产量损失的最有效方法之一，目标是在自然资源有限的情况下到2050年提高水稻产量。效应子触发免疫（ETI）能引发对病原体快速且强烈的免疫反应，这激发了科学家深入研究并利用其机制来培育高抗性植物。ETI组分和机制在物种间具有保守性，这使得利用ETI组分在植物中产生广谱抗性成为可能。人们已做出诸多努力来引入新的抗性（R）基因、拓宽效应子识别谱并按需生成R基因。尽管跨植物物种设计ETI仍面临多重挑战，但先前的尝试增进了我们对ETI机制的理解。在此，我们综述了近期关于水稻R基因工程的报道。此外，我们提出了一个未来R基因-效应子相互作用研究的框架，包括对水稻和病原体进行基因组规模的研究，随后开展R蛋白和效应子的结构研究，以及利用重要ETI组分提高水稻免疫力的潜在策略。
