Holmberg Christine, Eich-Krohm Astrid, Ringkamp Daniela, König Franziska, Weigt Julia, Paul Joshua, Apfelbacher Christian, Silberzahn-Jandt Gudrun, Großmann Sandy, Heidecker Lisa-Sophie, Elsbernd Astrid, Bergholz Andreas, Merz Sibille
Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany.
Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany.
Gesundheitswesen. 2023 Jan;85(1):15-21. doi: 10.1055/a-1918-0437. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
The Covid-19 pandemic, officially declared in March 2020 by the WHO, poses major challenges to public, private, and occupational life. CoronaCare is an ethnographic research project that investigates the everyday life of people during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany with a particular focus on social health. The aim of the project was to develop recommendations for pandemic preparedness planning focusing on expanding social health care. Through a series of workshops conducted between June and November 2021 with stakeholders from the fields of science, health and social administration drawn from both local and state levels, care institutions and social associations, the research team developed specific recommendations for pandemic preparedness and response on the basis of empirically substantiated vignettes demonstrating key tensions in caring practices. These tensions illustrate that pandemic management must be understood as a so-called wicked problem in which there are only relational rather than clear-cut, ultimate solutions. As such, the recommendations developed in the workshops point to the imperative to 1. recognize the irresolvable tension between measures to contain the pandemic in planning pandemic management and the human desire to care and be cared for; 2. understand and manage pandemics at the community level; 3. aim for close collaboration between actors at the local health, social, and family level; and 4. create spaces for ethical reflection on good care during a pandemic and develop context-specific strategies for action. For pandemic preparedness and management as a 'wicked problem', this means that measures should be disseminated as recommendations rather than regulations in order to have some leeway that enables care to be tailored to individual needs. They should be accompanied by stable guidance for action as well as regular training for staff. The workshop formats can be understood as an example of multidimensional knowledge transfer in a socially challenging situation.
2020年3月世界卫生组织正式宣布的新冠疫情，给公众生活、私人生活和职业生活带来了重大挑战。“新冠关怀”是一个民族志研究项目，调查德国新冠疫情期间人们的日常生活，特别关注社会健康。该项目的目的是制定大流行防范规划的建议，重点是扩大社会医疗保健。通过2021年6月至11月与来自地方和州各级的科学、卫生和社会管理领域、护理机构和社会协会的利益相关者举办的一系列研讨会，研究团队在实证支持的案例基础上，针对大流行防范和应对制定了具体建议，这些案例展示了护理实践中的关键紧张关系。这些紧张关系表明，大流行管理必须被理解为一个所谓的棘手问题，其中只有关系性的而非明确的最终解决方案。因此，研讨会上制定的建议指出，必须：1. 认识到在规划大流行管理时控制疫情的措施与人类关怀和被关怀的愿望之间无法解决的紧张关系；2. 在社区层面理解和管理大流行；3. 旨在地方卫生、社会和家庭层面的行为者之间密切合作；4. 为大流行期间对优质护理的伦理反思创造空间，并制定针对具体情况的行动策略。对于作为“棘手问题”的大流行防范和管理而言，这意味着措施应以建议而非法规的形式传播，以便有一定的回旋余地，使护理能够根据个人需求进行调整。它们应伴有稳定的行动指南以及对工作人员的定期培训。研讨会形式可被理解为在具有社会挑战性的情况下进行多维度知识转移的一个例子。
