Brief Funct Genomics. 2024 Jan 18;23(1):15-23. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elac032.
The bulk of higher order organismal genomes is comprised of transposable element (TE) copies, i.e. genetic parasites. The host-parasite relation is multi-faceted, varying across genomic region (genic versus intergenic), life-cycle stages, tissue-type and of course in health versus pathological state. The reach of functional genomics though, in investigating genotype-to-phenotype relations, has been limited when TEs are involved. The aim of this review is to highlight recent progress made in understanding how TE origin biochemical activity interacts with the central dogma stages of the host genome. Such interaction can also bring about modulation of the immune context and this could have important repercussions in disease state where immunity has a role to play. Thus, the review is to instigate ideas and action points around identifying evolutionary adaptations that the host genome and the genetic parasite have evolved and why they could be relevant.
大量高等生物的基因组由转座元件 (TE) 拷贝组成，即遗传寄生虫。宿主-寄生虫的关系是多方面的，因基因组区域（基因内与基因间）、生命周期阶段、组织类型以及健康与病理状态而异。然而，在研究基因型与表型关系时，功能基因组学的研究范围受到限制，当涉及转座元件时更是如此。本综述的目的是强调最近在理解转座元件起源的生化活性如何与宿主基因组的中心法则阶段相互作用方面取得的进展。这种相互作用还可以引起免疫环境的调节，这在免疫发挥作用的疾病状态下可能会产生重要影响。因此，本综述旨在提出一些想法和行动要点，以确定宿主基因组和遗传寄生虫进化的适应性及其相关性。
