癌症相关染色质变异揭示了转座元件的致癌作用。

Cancer-associated chromatin variants uncover the oncogenic role of transposable elements.

机构信息

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2022 Jun;74:101911. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2022.101911. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2022.101911

PMID:35487182

Abstract

The vast array of cell states found across human tissue arises from chromatin variants, which correspond to segments of the genome, known as DNA elements, adopting a different chromatin state over cell state transitions. Oncogenesis stems from alterations to the chromatin states over DNA elements that result in cancer-associated chromatin variants. Here, we review how cancer-associated chromatin variants call attention to repetitive DNA elements, and guide the functional characterization of transposable elements to decode their role in oncogenesis. We further discuss prevailing opportunities in the study of repetitive DNA elements to move towards the 'complete cancer genome' goal for precision medicine in oncology.

摘要

在人类组织中发现的大量细胞状态源自染色质变体，它对应基因组的片段，称为 DNA 元件，在细胞状态转变过程中呈现出不同的染色质状态。肿瘤发生源于 DNA 元件上的染色质状态改变，导致与癌症相关的染色质变体。在这里，我们回顾了与癌症相关的染色质变体如何引起人们对重复 DNA 元件的关注，并指导转座元件的功能特征化，以解码它们在肿瘤发生中的作用。我们还进一步讨论了在研究重复 DNA 元件方面的现有机会，以朝着肿瘤学精准医学的“完整癌症基因组”目标前进。