Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2012 Aug;90(8):1029-59. doi: 10.1139/y2012-053. Epub 2012 May 30.
This review focuses on the role of adipokines in the maintenance of a healthy cardiovascular system, and the mechanisms by which these factors mediate the development of cardiovascular disease in obesity. Adipocytes are the major cell type comprising the adipose tissue. These cells secrete numerous factors, termed adipokines, into the blood, including adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, omentin, vaspin, and visfatin. Adipose tissue is a highly vascularised endocrine organ, and different adipose depots have distinct adipokine secretion profiles, which are altered with obesity. The ability of many adipokines to stimulate angiogenesis is crucial for adipose tissue expansion; however, excessive blood vessel growth is deleterious. As well, some adipokines induce inflammation, which promotes cardiovascular disease progression. We discuss how these 7 aforementioned adipokines act upon the various cardiovascular cell types (endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts), the direct effects of these actions, and their overall impact on the cardiovascular system. These were chosen, as these adipokines are secreted predominantly from adipocytes and have known effects on cardiovascular cells.
这篇综述重点讨论了脂肪因子在维持心血管系统健康中的作用，以及这些因素在肥胖导致心血管疾病发展中的作用机制。脂肪细胞是构成脂肪组织的主要细胞类型。这些细胞将许多因子分泌到血液中，称为脂肪因子，包括脂联素、瘦素、抵抗素、趋化素、网膜素、内脂素和内脂素。脂肪组织是一个高度血管化的内分泌器官，不同的脂肪储存部位具有不同的脂肪因子分泌谱，这些谱随着肥胖而改变。许多脂肪因子刺激血管生成的能力对于脂肪组织的扩张至关重要；然而，过多的血管生长是有害的。此外，一些脂肪因子会引发炎症，从而促进心血管疾病的进展。我们讨论了上述 7 种脂肪因子如何作用于各种心血管细胞类型（内皮祖细胞、内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞、周细胞、心肌细胞和心肌成纤维细胞），这些作用的直接影响及其对心血管系统的整体影响。选择这些脂肪因子是因为它们主要由脂肪细胞分泌，并对心血管细胞有已知的影响。
