Karimi Elham, Sohrabi Zohreh, Aalaa Maryam
Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences (CERMS), Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2022 Oct;10(4):219-227. doi: 10.30476/JAMP.2022.96519.1704.
Change is a multifaceted and challenging process. Due to the growing and increasing volume of technologies and organizational processes, there is a need to adapt to these changes because adaptation to changes is essential for the organization survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate change management in medical education in order to identify and categorize the strategies, barriers, and other important issues related to change management.
A systematized review of the related studies was carried out according to the Khan et al.'s guideline. Five bibliographic databases and search engines including Cochrane Library, Eric, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Sciences were searched. The following keywords were used with a period constraint of 2017 to March 2021 to search various online data sources: change management and medical issues. Advanced search options and Boolean operator (AND) were also used to find out more relevant records.
Overall, 498 records were identified. After removing duplicate records and those with irrelevant titles, abstracts, or full texts, we selected 40 articles for data extraction. The Kotter model is frequently used to manage change. Also, consideration of resistance to change and having a plan for it have been important elements of change management.
In most cases, resistance to change was observed, and several ways for resolution merged. Resistance to change and coping strategies are considered as one of the most important factors that must be considered in change situations. Awareness of change management principles and utilization of available models can pave the way for management of the change.
变革是一个多方面且具有挑战性的过程。由于技术和组织流程的数量不断增长且日益繁多，有必要适应这些变化，因为适应变化对于组织的生存至关重要。本研究的目的是调查医学教育中的变革管理，以便识别和分类与变革管理相关的策略、障碍及其他重要问题。
根据汗等人的指南对相关研究进行系统综述。搜索了五个文献数据库和搜索引擎，包括考科蓝图书馆、教育资源信息中心、医学期刊数据库、Scopus数据库和科学引文索引数据库。使用以下关键词并设置2017年至2021年3月的时间限制来搜索各种在线数据源：变革管理和医学问题。还使用了高级搜索选项和布尔运算符（AND）来查找更多相关记录。
总体而言，共识别出498条记录。在去除重复记录以及标题、摘要或全文不相关的记录后，我们选择了40篇文章进行数据提取。科特模型经常用于管理变革。此外，考虑变革阻力并制定应对计划一直是变革管理的重要要素。
在大多数情况下，观察到了对变革的阻力，并且出现了几种解决方法。变革阻力和应对策略被视为变革情况下必须考虑的最重要因素之一。了解变革管理原则并利用可用模型可为变革管理铺平道路。
