Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México.
Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México.
PeerJ. 2022 Oct 25;10:e14232. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14232. eCollection 2022.
Periodontal disease is considered one of the most prevalent chronic infectious diseases, often leading to the disruption of tooth-supporting tissues, including alveolar bone, causing tooth mobility and loss. is considered the major etiological agent of this disease, having a plethora of virulence factors, including, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), hemolysins, and proteinases. Antimicrobial peptides are one of the main components of the innate immune response that inhibit the growth of . The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of cystatin C and to assess the effect on the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the production of reactive oxygen species, and in the release of nitric oxide by human gingival fibroblasts incubated with in the presence and absence of cystatin C.
ATCC 33277 was exposed to cystatin C for 24h and co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) ATCC CRL-2014. The effect of cystatin on growth of and HGFs was evaluated. Pro-inflammatory (TNF, IL-1) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines were determined by ELISA in the supernatants of HGFs incubated with exposed to cystatin C. Additionally, nitrites and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated.
Cystatin Cinhibited the growth of without affecting HGFs. Incubation of HGFs with led to a significant increase of TNF- and IL-1. In contrast, HGFs incubated with exposed to cystatin C showed a decreased production of both cytokines, whereas IL-10 was enhanced. Incubation of HGFs with led to an increase of nitric oxide (NO) and ROS production, which was reduced in the presence of the peptide.
Cystatin C inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis and decreases the inflammatory cytokines, ROS, and NO production during infection of HGFs with . Knowledge on the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of cystatin C could aid in the design of new therapeutic approaches to facilitate the elimination of this bacterium to improve the treatment of periodontal disease.
牙周病被认为是最常见的慢性传染病之一，常导致支持牙齿的组织（包括牙槽骨）破坏，导致牙齿松动和脱落。 被认为是这种疾病的主要病因，它具有多种毒力因子，包括脂多糖（LPS）、溶血素和蛋白酶。抗菌肽是先天免疫反应的主要组成部分之一，可抑制 的生长。本研究旨在分析半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 的抗菌活性，并评估其对炎症和抗炎细胞因子、活性氧（ROS）产生以及在存在和不存在半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 的情况下，与 共同孵育的人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGF）中一氧化氮（NO）释放的影响。
将 ATCC 33277 暴露于半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 中 24 小时，并与人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGF）ATCC CRL-2014 共培养。评估半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂对半胱氨酸蛋白酶 C 对 和 HGF 生长的影响。通过 ELISA 测定与 共孵育的 HGF 上清液中促炎（TNF、IL-1）和抗炎（IL-10）细胞因子。此外，还评估了亚硝酸盐和活性氧（ROS）的产生。
半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 抑制 的生长而不影响 HGF。用 孵育 HGF 导致 TNF-和 IL-1 的显著增加。相反，与 共孵育并暴露于半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 的 HGF 显示出两种细胞因子产生减少，而 IL-10 增强。用 孵育 HGF 导致一氧化氮（NO）和 ROS 产生增加，而在肽存在下则减少。
半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 抑制 P. gingivalis 的生长，并减少 HGF 感染 时促炎细胞因子、ROS 和 NO 的产生。对半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 的抗菌和免疫调节特性的了解可能有助于设计新的治疗方法，以促进消除这种细菌，从而改善牙周病的治疗。
