Zapico Aida, Arboleya Silvia, Ruiz-Saavedra Sergio, Gómez-Martín María, Salazar Nuria, Nogacka Alicja M, Gueimonde Miguel, de Los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G, González Sonia
Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Diet Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 12;9:1000829. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1000829. eCollection 2022.
Although xenobiotics derived from food processing may cause modifications in the composition of the gut microbiota (GM) evidence is scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of potential dietary carcinogens as heterocyclic amines (HAs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrates, nitrites, nitroso compounds and acrylamide, in combination to fibers (poly)phenols on the GM composition in a group of materially deprived subjects.
Transversal observational study in a sample of 19 subjects recipients of Red Cross food aid. Dietary information was recorded by means of 3 non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Questions focused on the type of cooking and the extent of cooking and roasting were included. Information on potential carcinogens was mainly obtained from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Computerized Heterocyclic Amines Resource for Research in Epidemiology of Disease (CHARRED) Carcinogen Databases. Microbial composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in fecal samples.
Higher levels of Lachnospiraceae and Eggerthellaceae families were found in individuals consuming less than 50 ng/day of 2-amino-3,8 dimethylimidazo (4,5,f) quinoxaline (MeIQx) (considered as lower risk dose for colorectal adenoma) while those consuming more than 40 ng/day of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo (4,5,b) pyridine (PhIP) (higher risk for colorectal adenoma) showed lower relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and greater presence of Streptococcaceae and group.
The associations identified between diet and processing by-products on GM in this study could be used as potential targets for the designing of dietary interventions tailored to this collective.
尽管食品加工过程中产生的外源性物质可能会导致肠道微生物群（GM）组成发生改变，但相关证据稀少。本研究的目的是评估潜在的膳食致癌物，如杂环胺（HAs）、多环芳烃（PAHs）、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、亚硝基化合物和丙烯酰胺，与纤维（多）酚类物质联合作用对一组物质匮乏受试者GM组成的影响。
对19名接受红十字会食品援助的受试者样本进行横向观察研究。通过3次非连续的24小时饮食回顾记录饮食信息。问题包括烹饪类型以及烹饪和烘焙程度。关于潜在致癌物的信息主要来自欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（EPIC）和疾病流行病学计算机化杂环胺研究资源（CHARRED）致癌物数据库。通过粪便样本中的16S核糖体RNA基因测序确定微生物组成。
在每天摄入2 - 氨基 - 3,8 - 二甲基咪唑并（4,5,f）喹喔啉（MeIQx）少于50纳克/天（被认为是结直肠腺瘤的低风险剂量）的个体中，发现毛螺菌科和埃格特菌科的水平较高，而每天摄入2 - 氨基 - 1 - 甲基 - 6 - 苯基咪唑并（4,5,b）吡啶（PhIP）超过40纳克/天（结直肠腺瘤的高风险）的个体中，瘤胃菌科的相对丰度较低，链球菌科和某组的存在更为明显。
本研究中确定的饮食与GM加工副产品之间的关联可作为为该群体量身定制饮食干预措施设计的潜在目标。
