Moscoso-Mujica Gladys, Mujica Ángel, Chávez Juana, Peña Carmen, Begazo Noelia, Estrella Jumira, Estrada Zaira, Tello Liliana, Ramos Yeltsin, Rivera David, Inocente Carla, Huarca Fabricio
Research group of Experimental Pharmacology - Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Norbert Wiener Private University, Lima, Peru.
Research group of Toxicological Biochemistry - Department of Biochemistry - Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of San Marcos, Lima 1, Peru.
SN Appl Sci. 2022;4(11):318. doi: 10.1007/s42452-022-05202-w. Epub 2022 Oct 23.
The Andean grains from the Peruvian Altiplano, quinoa ( Willd) and kanihua ( Aellen) have high protein content and an optimal balance of essential amino acids and minerals such as iron (19.8 mg/100 g y 17.6 mg/100 g, respectively). The objective of this research was to evaluate the antianemic activity of extruded flour from quinoa seeds variety Negra Collana and kanihua variety Ramis in anemic strain rats. The results of the proximal analysis showed high protein content in quinoa at 22% and kanihua at 16.2%, and the acute toxicity test showed harmlessness up to the dose of 15000 mg/Kg in both flours confirmed with the anatomopathological observation of organs such as liver, stomach, lung, kidneys, and brain. In the evaluation of the antianemic activity, a basal average of 29.3 ± 0.2% of hematocrit was observed in the group of anemic rats treated with quinoa flour, and in twelve weeks, it increased to 53.8 ± 0.3% of hematocrit ( ≤ 0.05). A group of anemic rats treated with kanihua flour had a basal average of 29.5 ± 0.3%, and in twelve weeks, it increased to 51.7 ± 0.3% ( ≤ 0.05). A group of rats without anemia treated with quinoa and kanihua flour showed a basal average of 50.2 ± 0.2% and 49.3 ± 0.3%; in twelve weeks, it increased to 55.2 ± 0.2% and 54.8 ± 0.1%, respectively. It was concluded that oral administration of 360 mg/Kg every 24 h of quinoa flour and kanihua flour increased hematocrit levels by 24.5 ± 0.5% and 22.2 ± 0.3%; weight 65.8 ± 0.3 g and 59.2 ± 0.1 g; height 6.8 ± 0.1 cm and 5.7 ± 0.5 cm, respectively ( ≤ 0.05). In rats without anemia increased hematocrit levels by 5.3 ± 0.0% and 5.5 ± 0.0%; weight 37.7 ± 0.1 g and 21.7 ± 0.05 g; height 4 ± 0.0 cm and 3.9 ± 0.0 cm, respectively ( ≤ 0.05).
来自秘鲁高原的安第斯谷物，藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd）和卡尼瓦（Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen）蛋白质含量高，必需氨基酸和矿物质（如铁，分别为19.8毫克/100克和17.6毫克/100克）的平衡最佳。本研究的目的是评估藜麦品种Negra Collana种子和卡尼瓦品种Ramis的挤压面粉对贫血大鼠的抗贫血活性。近似分析结果显示，藜麦的蛋白质含量高，为22%，卡尼瓦为16.2%，急性毒性试验表明，两种面粉在剂量高达15000毫克/千克时均无害，这通过对肝脏、胃、肺、肾和脑等器官的解剖病理学观察得到证实。在抗贫血活性评估中，用藜麦面粉治疗的贫血大鼠组的血细胞比容基础平均值为29.3±0.2%，在十二周时，增加到血细胞比容的53.8±0.3%（P≤0.05）。用卡尼瓦面粉治疗的一组贫血大鼠的基础平均值为29.5±0.3%，在十二周时，增加到51.7±0.3%（P≤0.05）。一组用藜麦和卡尼瓦面粉治疗的非贫血大鼠的基础平均值分别为50.2±0.2%和49.3±0.3%；在十二周时，分别增加到55.2±0.2%和54.8±0.1%。得出的结论是，每24小时口服360毫克/千克的藜麦面粉和卡尼瓦面粉可使血细胞比容水平分别提高24.5±0.5%和22.2±0.3%；体重分别增加65.8±0.3克和59.2±0.1克；身高分别增加6.8±0.1厘米和5.7±0.5厘米（P≤0.05）。对于非贫血大鼠，血细胞比容水平分别提高5.3±0.0%和5.5±0.0%；体重分别增加37.7±0.1克和21.7±0.05克；身高分别增加4±0.0厘米和3.9±0.0厘米（P≤0.05）。
