Kanaujia Rimjhim, Bora Ishani, Ratho Radha Kanta, Thakur Vikram, Mohi Gursimran Kaur, Thakur Pryanka
Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India.
Department of Virology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India.
Virusdisease. 2022 Dec;33(4):456-465. doi: 10.1007/s13337-022-00800-z. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
Avian influenza (AVI) is being known for its pandemic potential and devastating effects on poultry and birds. The AVI outbreaks in domesticated birds are of concern because the Low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAI) tends to evolve into a High pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) resulting in the rapid spread and significant outbreak in poultries. The containment should be rapid and stringent precautions should be taken in handling the infected poultry cases or infected materials. In general, AVI viruses do not replicate efficiently in humans, indicating that transmitting these viruses to humans directly is a very rare preference. However, the HPAI ability to the cross-species barrier and infect humans has been known for H5N1 and H7N9. Recently, the world's first human case of transmission of the H5N8 strain from the avian species to humans has been documented. In this recent scenario, it is worth discussing the strain variations, disease severity, economic loss, and effective controlling strategies for controlling avian influenza.
禽流感（AVI）因其大流行潜力以及对家禽和鸟类的毁灭性影响而闻名。家养禽类中的禽流感疫情令人担忧，因为低致病性禽流感病毒（LPAI）往往会演变成高致病性禽流感病毒（HPAI），从而在家禽中迅速传播并引发重大疫情。应迅速采取遏制措施，并在处理感染家禽病例或感染材料时采取严格的预防措施。一般来说，禽流感病毒在人类中不能有效复制，这表明将这些病毒直接传播给人类是非常罕见的情况。然而，H5N1和H7N9的高致病性禽流感病毒跨越物种屏障并感染人类的能力是已知的。最近，有记录显示世界上首例H5N8毒株从禽类传播给人类的病例。在这种最新情况下，值得讨论禽流感的毒株变异、疾病严重程度、经济损失以及有效的控制策略。
