Drayton-White Kendra, Liu Siyue, Chang Yu-Chia, Uppal Sakashi, Moeller Kevin D
Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
Beilstein J Org Chem. 2022 Oct 20;18:1488-1498. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.18.156. eCollection 2022.
Microelectrode arrays are powerful tools for monitoring binding interactions between small molecules and biological targets. In most cases, molecules to be studied using such devices are attached directly to the electrodes in the array. Strategies are in place for calibrating signaling studies utilizing the modified electrodes so that they can be quantified relative to a positive control. In this way, the relative binding constants for multiple ligands for a receptor can potentially be determined in the same experiment. However, there are applications of microelectrode arrays that require stable, tunable, and chemically inert surfaces on the electrodes. The use of those surfaces dictate the use of indirect detection methods that are dependent on the nature of the stable surface used and the amount of the binding partner that is placed on the surface. If one wants to do a quantitative study of binding events that involve molecules on such a stable surface, then once again a method for calibrating the signal from a positive control is needed. Fortunately, the electrodes in an array are excellent handles for conducting synthetic reactions on the surface of an array, and those reactions can be used to tune the surface above the electrodes and calibrate the signal from a positive control. Here, we describe how available Cu-based electrosynthetic reactions can be used to calibrate electrochemical signals on a polymer-coated electrode array and delineate the factors to be considered when choosing a polymer surface for such a study.
微电极阵列是监测小分子与生物靶点之间结合相互作用的强大工具。在大多数情况下，使用此类设备研究的分子直接附着在阵列中的电极上。已制定策略来校准利用修饰电极的信号研究，以便可以相对于阳性对照进行定量。通过这种方式，在同一实验中有可能确定受体的多种配体的相对结合常数。然而，微电极阵列的一些应用需要电极表面具有稳定、可调谐且化学惰性的表面。这些表面的使用决定了依赖于所使用的稳定表面的性质和放置在表面上的结合伴侣数量的间接检测方法的使用。如果想要对涉及此类稳定表面上分子的结合事件进行定量研究，那么再次需要一种校准来自阳性对照的信号的方法。幸运的是，阵列中的电极是在阵列表面进行合成反应的理想载体，并且这些反应可用于调节电极上方的表面并校准来自阳性对照的信号。在这里，我们描述了可用的基于铜的电合成反应如何用于校准聚合物涂层电极阵列上的电化学信号，并阐述了在选择用于此类研究的聚合物表面时需要考虑的因素。
