Faculdade de Ciências da Vida, Banco de Germoplasma, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Penteada, 9020-150 Funchal, Portugal.
J Genet. 2022;101.
is characterized by a rich chromosomal polymorphism for inversions. Many inversions are adaptive to global warming and can be classified as 'warm' or 'cold' adapted. However, most studies were carried out from European populations located in the central area of the species distribution or from American colonizing populations. For this reason, we aimed to analyse the isolated and marginal Rasht population, located in the Hyrcanian forests area (Iran). The chromosomal polymorphism for inversions was compared with the previous Rasht samples (Rasht I and II) obtained 57 years ago. This polymorphism has changed based on the inversion composition and frequencies. Interestingly, the polymorphism for inversions was scarce and similar to that of Madeira, an isolated Atlantic island. Likely, this similarity is a consequence of the marginal location and isolation of the Rasht population. Also, the chromosomal thermal index () was 0.445, showing a significant increase over those from Rasht I (0.184) and II (0.210). All these observations were in agreement with the global warming expectations. Moreover, the was also computed for Russian Caucasus and Turkish populations collected more than 40 years ago to better understand the adaptive potential of . and to study the similarity between populations of different geographic areas. In summary, the inversions of . also changed in marginal and isolated populations in agreement with the global warming expectations, and an open question is to know where is the threshold for this evolutionary change.
它的特点是染色体倒位多态性丰富。许多倒位是适应全球变暖的，可以分为“温暖”或“寒冷”适应。然而，大多数研究都是在物种分布中心的欧洲人群或来自美洲的殖民人群中进行的。因此，我们旨在分析位于伊朗赫卡尼亚森林地区的孤立和边缘的拉什特种群。与 57 年前获得的先前的拉什特样本（拉什特 I 和 II）相比，我们比较了染色体倒位的多态性。这种多态性已经发生了变化，这取决于倒位的组成和频率。有趣的是，倒位的多态性很少，与孤立的大西洋岛屿马德拉相似。可能，这种相似性是拉什特种群边缘位置和隔离的结果。此外，染色体热指数（）为 0.445，与拉什特 I（0.184）和 II（0.210）相比显著增加。所有这些观察结果都与全球变暖的预期一致。此外，还计算了俄罗斯高加索和土耳其的种群的，这些种群是 40 多年前收集的，以更好地了解的适应潜力，并研究不同地理区域的种群之间的相似性。总之，的倒位也在边缘和孤立的种群中发生了变化，这与全球变暖的预期一致，一个悬而未决的问题是知道这种进化变化的阈值在哪里。
