Zivanovic Goran, Arenas Concepció, Mestres Francesc
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Secció d'Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
Genetica. 2025 Apr 25;153(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s10709-025-00232-9.
In insects, chromosomal inversion polymorphism has been related with different adaptations, including global warming. Regarding this environmental change, Drosophila subobscura stands out as a useful model species due to its rich inversion polymorphism covering the whole karyotype. The main aims of this research were to analyze the differentiation of this polymorphism in Jastrebac Mt. (Serbia) depending on the different habitats (beech and oak forests) and over time. These latter changes were studied in relation to climatic variables (mean, minimum and maximum temperatures, humidity and rainfall). Microdifferentiation was observed between beech and oak forests, mainly for the A and O chromosomes. However, the changes over time turned out to be larger than those due to habitat. In Jastrebac Mt., temperatures increased over time, with this increase being significant for mean and minimum one. The Multidimensional Scaling analysis showed a relation between chromosomal inversions and temperatures (mainly minimum) in Jastrebac Mt. and other Serbian populations of D. subobscura. In beech forest of Jastrebac Mt., the Chromosomal Thermal Index increased over time from 1990 to 1994, but showing a possible stabilization in 2023. This result was observed in other studied Serbian populations. Although those are preliminary results, it might hypothesize that there may be a threshold for the action of natural selection, increasing 'warm' adaptive inversions and decreasing 'cold' ones. The possible reasons for this hypothesis are also discussed.
在昆虫中，染色体倒位多态性与不同的适应性有关，包括全球变暖。关于这种环境变化，由于其丰富的倒位多态性覆盖了整个核型，黑腹果蝇成为一个有用的模式物种。本研究的主要目的是分析贾斯特雷巴克山（塞尔维亚）这种多态性在不同栖息地（山毛榉林和橡树林）以及随时间的分化情况。后一种变化是结合气候变量（平均温度、最低温度、最高温度、湿度和降雨量）进行研究的。在山毛榉林和橡树林之间观察到了微分化，主要体现在A染色体和O染色体上。然而，随时间的变化结果证明比因栖息地导致的变化更大。在贾斯特雷巴克山，温度随时间升高，平均温度和最低温度的升高具有显著性。多维标度分析显示了贾斯特雷巴克山以及塞尔维亚其他黑腹果蝇种群中染色体倒位与温度（主要是最低温度）之间的关系。在贾斯特雷巴克山的山毛榉林中，1990年至1994年期间染色体热指数随时间升高，但在2023年可能趋于稳定。在其他研究的塞尔维亚种群中也观察到了这一结果。尽管这些是初步结果，但可以推测可能存在自然选择作用的阈值，增加“温暖”适应性倒位并减少“寒冷”适应性倒位。还讨论了这一推测的可能原因。
