Ekblom B
Sports Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;3(1):50-60. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198603010-00005.
Soccer is characterised as a high intensity, intermittent non-continuous exercise. Players cover approximately 10 km of ground per game, of which 8 to 18% is at the highest individual speed. In higher levels of competition there is a greater number of tackles and headings plus a greater percentage of the game is performed at maximum speed. The average aerobic energy yield during a national level game is around 80% of the individual maximum. Blood lactate concentration during a game averages 7 to 8 mmol/L. Because of a high energy yield most players have empty muscle glycogen stores at the end of the game, were hypohydrated and also have an increased body temperature. Soccer players of national and international standard have a maximal aerobic power of around 60 to 65 ml/kg/min, an above average anaerobic alactacid power, and a greater buffer capacity and muscle strength compared with untrained controls, yet seem to be less flexible.
足球的特点是高强度、间歇性非连续性运动。球员每场比赛跑动距离约10公里，其中8%至18%是以个人最高速度完成。在更高水平的比赛中，铲球和头球次数更多，且比赛中以最高速度进行的比例更大。国家级比赛期间的平均有氧能量产出约为个人最大值的80%。比赛期间血乳酸浓度平均为7至8毫摩尔/升。由于能量产出高，大多数球员在比赛结束时肌肉糖原储备耗尽，处于脱水状态，体温也有所升高。与未经训练的对照组相比，国家级和国际级水平的足球运动员最大有氧功率约为60至65毫升/公斤/分钟，无氧非乳酸功率高于平均水平，缓冲能力和肌肉力量更强，但柔韧性似乎较差。
