Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Nov 5;195(1):76. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10703-7.
This study evaluated the concentration and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Abadan City under 4 different climatic conditions: normal days, dusty days, dust with northwesterly winds, and dust with southeasterly winds. It also determined the sources of aromatics and discussed the relationship between meteorological parameters and PAH concentrations. The spatiotemporal distribution of dust in the area was determined using the HYSPLIT (hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory) back trajectory model, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. For this purpose, sampling was performed for 70 days using an Omni device. The concentrations of 16 PAHs (USEPA) ranged from 46.22 to 90.96 ng/m. The highest concentration of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs was 4-6 rings, of which 4 rings were predominant in all samples. PAH sources were identified using diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA), and it was shown that PAHs mainly originate from a mixture of sources, including vehicular emissions, petrol emissions, and traffic. Wind speed was negatively correlated with dust, except on dusty days. This result indicates a decrease in PAH concentrations when wind speed increases. On the other hand, the dust correlation with PAH was positive on normal days, but a negative correlation was observed on dusty days. This result was due to the lower concentration of PAHs from natural resources (such as dust source areas) vs. human resources (such as traffic and industry). PAH health risk assessment in Abadan City showed that the risk of carcinogenesis was higher on normal days and through skin contact. The probability of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in all sampling conditions was potential in terms of carcinogenic risk (10-10). As a critical risk factor, relevant authorities should prevent, control, and reduce it.
本研究评估了阿巴丹市在 4 种不同气候条件下（正常天气、扬尘天气、西北风扬尘天气和东南风扬尘天气）多环芳烃（PAHs）的浓度和健康风险。还确定了芳烃的来源，并讨论了气象参数与 PAH 浓度之间的关系。使用 HYSPLIT（混合单粒子拉格朗日积分轨迹）后轨迹模型和中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）图像确定了该地区的灰尘时空分布。为此，使用 Omni 设备进行了 70 天的采样。16 种 PAHs（USEPA）的浓度范围为 46.22 至 90.96ng/m。高分子量（HMW）PAHs 的最高浓度为 4-6 环，所有样品中均以 4 环为主。使用诊断比和主成分分析（PCA）确定了 PAH 源，结果表明 PAHs 主要源自车辆排放、汽油排放和交通等多种来源的混合物。风速与灰尘呈负相关，除扬尘天外。这一结果表明，风速增加时 PAH 浓度降低。另一方面，正常天气下灰尘与 PAH 呈正相关，但扬尘天气下呈负相关。这是由于自然资源（如灰尘源区）产生的 PAH 浓度低于人为资源（如交通和工业）。阿巴丹市 PAH 健康风险评估表明，正常天气下通过皮肤接触致癌的风险较高。在所有采样条件下，增量终生癌症风险（ILCR）的可能性都是潜在的（10-10）。作为一个关键的风险因素，相关部门应加以预防、控制和降低。
