Lyu Lina, Li Jie, Chen Yu, Mai Zhimao, Wang Lin, Li Qiqi, Zhang Si
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Oct 19;13:920067. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.920067. eCollection 2022.
Marine oil spills are a significant concern worldwide, destroying the ecological environment and threatening the survival of marine life. Various oil-degrading bacteria have been widely reported in marine environments in response to marine oil pollution. However, little information is known about culturable oil-degrading bacteria in cold seep of the deep-sea environments, which are rich in hydrocarbons. This study enriched five oil-degrading consortia from sediments collected from the Haima cold seep areas of the South China Sea. , , , , , , , and were the dominant genera. Further results of bacterial growth and degradation ability tests indicated seven efficient alkane-degrading bacteria belonging to , , , , , and , whose degradation rates were higher in crude oil (70.3-78.0%) than that in diesel oil (62.7-66.3%). From the view of carbon chain length, alkane degradation rates were medium chains > long chains > short chains. In addition, F7, F1, F8, J5, N3, and N6 were first identified as oil-degrading bacteria from deep-sea environments. This study will provide insight into the bacterial community structures and oil-degrading bacterial diversity in the Haima cold seep areas, South China Sea, and offer bacterial resources to oil bioremediation applications.
海洋石油泄漏是全球关注的重大问题，它破坏生态环境，威胁海洋生物的生存。为应对海洋石油污染，海洋环境中已广泛报道了各种石油降解细菌。然而，对于富含碳氢化合物的深海冷泉环境中可培养的石油降解细菌知之甚少。本研究从南海海马冷泉区采集的沉积物中富集了5个石油降解菌群。 、 、 、 、 是优势属。细菌生长和降解能力测试的进一步结果表明，有7株高效烷烃降解细菌，分别属于 、 、 、 、 、 ，它们在原油中的降解率（70.3 - 78.0%）高于柴油中的降解率（62.7 - 66.3%）。从碳链长度来看，烷烃降解率为中链＞长链＞短链。此外， F7、 F1、 F8、 J5、 N3和 N6首次被鉴定为来自深海环境的石油降解细菌。本研究将深入了解南海海马冷泉区的细菌群落结构和石油降解细菌多样性，并为石油生物修复应用提供细菌资源。
