Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 21;10:934806. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.934806. eCollection 2022.
One in five young children globally suffer the consequences of stunted growth and development and millions experience deficiencies in zinc, iron, iodine, vitamins A and B12, nutrients found bioavailable in fish foods. Small-scale fisheries have the potential to generate income and augment fish consumption while being environmentally sustainable if appropriately managed. However, those engaged in small-scale fisheries are often marginalized, poor, and malnourished. The project seeks to better understand and address these challenges through a three-arm, longitudinal matched cluster study which evaluates the impact of an integrated nutrition social marketing and modified fishing trap intervention.
There will be 400 small-scale fisher households enrolled from Kilifi County, Kenya and residing in communities matched on location (rural), livelihoods, and child nutritional status. The sample will include mothers and other caregivers, children 6-60 months, and fishers in the family. Applying a cluster design, the matched communities will be divided into three groups: (1) control ( = 200); (2) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention to fishers, mothers, and health workers ( = 100); and (3) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention plus modified fishing traps and training ( = 100). Primary outcomes include child growth, fish food intakes, and fisheries yield of mature fish. Secondary outcomes are diet diversity, child diarrheal morbidity, and fisheries revenue. A process evaluation will be used to monitor and ensure fidelity of intervention delivery.
This study builds on a growing body of literature illustrating the effectiveness of nutrition focused social marketing campaigns to promote active engagement of participants, high compliance to the intervention, and sustained behavior change. The second intervention element of modified fishing traps that allow immature fish to escape enables participants to act on the messaging they receive and promotes sustainable fishing through increased harvest efficiency and reduced catch of immature fish. The integrated approach of the intervention provides an example of how to leverage multiple disciplines to address key challenges to human and environmental health and illustrates a pathway for scaling study innovations to other small-scale fisheries systems.
https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05254444).
全球五分之一的幼儿受到生长发育迟缓的影响，数百万人缺乏锌、铁、碘、维生素 A 和维生素 B12 等营养物质，而这些营养物质在鱼类食物中是生物可利用的。小规模渔业如果得到适当管理，有潜力在创造收入和增加鱼类消费的同时实现环境可持续性。然而，从事小规模渔业的人往往处于边缘地位，贫穷且营养不良。该项目旨在通过一项三臂纵向匹配群组研究，更好地了解和应对这些挑战，该研究评估综合营养社会营销和改良捕鱼陷阱干预的影响。
将从肯尼亚基利菲县招募 400 户小规模渔业家庭，这些家庭居住在地理位置（农村）、生计和儿童营养状况相匹配的社区中。样本将包括母亲和其他照顾者、6-60 个月大的儿童以及家庭中的渔民。应用群组设计，将匹配的社区分为三组：（1）对照组（=200）；（2）向渔民、母亲和卫生工作者提供多组分营养社会营销干预（=100）；和（3）多组分营养社会营销干预加改良捕鱼陷阱和培训（=100）。主要结果包括儿童生长、鱼类食物摄入量和成熟鱼类的渔业产量。次要结果是饮食多样性、儿童腹泻发病率和渔业收入。将进行过程评估以监测和确保干预措施的实施保真度。
这项研究建立在越来越多的文献基础上，这些文献表明，以营养为重点的社会营销活动可以有效地促进参与者的积极参与、对干预措施的高度遵守和持续的行为改变。干预的第二个干预要素是改良的捕鱼陷阱，允许未成熟的鱼逃脱，使参与者能够根据他们收到的信息采取行动，并通过提高捕捞效率和减少捕获未成熟的鱼来促进可持续捕鱼。该干预措施的综合方法提供了一个如何利用多个学科来解决人类和环境健康的关键挑战的例子，并说明了将研究创新推广到其他小规模渔业系统的途径。
