Viccon-Pale José A
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Comportamiento Animal, Departamento El Hombre y su Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Front Integr Neurosci. 2022 Oct 20;16:876137. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2022.876137. eCollection 2022.
Circadian systems are composed of multiple oscillatory elements that contain both circadian and ultradian oscillations. The relationships between these components maintain a stable temporal function in organisms. They provide a suitable phase to recurrent environmental changes and ensure a suitable temporal sequence of their own functions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify these interactions. Because a circadian rhythm of activity can be recorded in each crayfish cheliped, this paired organ system was used to address the possibility that two quasi-autonomous oscillators exhibiting both circadian and ultradian oscillations underlie these rhythms. The presence of both oscillations was found, both under entrainment and under freerunning. The following features of interactions between these circadian and ultradian oscillations were also observed: (a) circadian modal periods could be a feature of circadian oscillations under entrainment and freerunning; (b) the average period of the rhythm is a function of the proportions between the circadian and ultradian oscillations; (c) the release of both populations of oscillations of Zeitgeber effect results in the maintenance or an increase in their number and frequency under freerunning conditions. These circadian rhythms of activity can be described as mixed probability distributions containing circadian oscillations, individual ultradian oscillations, and ultradian oscillations of Gaussian components. Relationships among these elements can be structured in one of the following six probability distributions: Inverse Gaussian, gamma, Birnbaum-Saunders, Weibull, smallest extreme value, or Laplace. It should be noted that at one end of this order, the inverse Gaussian distribution most often fits the freerunning rhythm segments and at the other end, the Laplace distribution fits only the segments under entrainment. The possible relationships between the circadian and ultradian oscillations of crayfish motor activity rhythms and between the probability distributions of their periodograms are discussed. Also listed are some oscillators that could interact with cheliped rhythms.
昼夜节律系统由多个振荡元件组成，这些元件同时包含昼夜振荡和超日振荡。这些组件之间的关系维持着生物体中稳定的时间功能。它们为反复出现的环境变化提供合适的相位，并确保自身功能有合适的时间顺序。因此，有必要识别这些相互作用。由于可以在每只小龙虾的螯足中记录到活动的昼夜节律，这个成对的器官系统被用来研究是否存在两个表现出昼夜振荡和超日振荡的准自主振荡器构成这些节律的可能性。在同步和自由运行条件下均发现了这两种振荡的存在。还观察到了这些昼夜振荡和超日振荡之间相互作用的以下特征：(a) 昼夜模式周期可能是同步和自由运行条件下昼夜振荡的一个特征；(b) 节律的平均周期是昼夜振荡和超日振荡比例的函数；(c) 授时因子效应的两种振荡群体的释放导致在自由运行条件下其数量和频率的维持或增加。这些活动的昼夜节律可以描述为包含昼夜振荡、个体超日振荡和高斯分量的超日振荡的混合概率分布。这些元件之间的关系可以以下六种概率分布之一构建：逆高斯分布、伽马分布、伯恩鲍姆 - 桑德斯分布、威布尔分布、最小极值分布或拉普拉斯分布。应该注意的是，在这个序列的一端，逆高斯分布最常拟合自由运行节律段，而在另一端，拉普拉斯分布仅拟合同步条件下的段。讨论了小龙虾运动活动节律的昼夜振荡和超日振荡之间以及它们的周期图概率分布之间可能的关系。还列出了一些可能与螯足节律相互作用的振荡器。
