Wollnik F, Döhler K D
Physiol Behav. 1986;38(2):229-40. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(86)90158-7.
Four experiments were performed with male and female rats of the inbred strain LEW/Ztm maintained under a light-dark schedule of 12:12 hours. The animals were subject to castration (GOX) or ovariectomy (OVX), estradiol 17 beta-implantation (E2-capsules), and perinatal hormonal treatments with testosterone propionate (TP) and an androgen antagonist (cyproterone acetate, CA). Results indicated a difference in the locomotor activity pattern between the two sexes as a result of the endogenous estradiol levels of the adult animals. The activity pattern of male LEW rats was characterized by ultradian rhythms of 4 and 4.8 hr periods. The female LEW rats, on the other hand, generally exhibited a clear circadian activity pattern and no ultradian activity rhythms. Following ovariectomy, each of the females showed distinct ultradian rhythms. These disappeared after E2-implantation. Castration of adult males had no effect on the ultradian activity pattern. Implantation of E2-capsules resulted in a marked decrease of the ultradian activity components. Perinatal treatment of the males with an androgen antagonist (CA) did not appear to effect ultradian rhythms during adulthood. Females treated perinatally with testosterone showed a significant increase in the ultradian activity components. This effect is assumed to be due to low estrogen levels in these animals during adulthood. Our study supports the assumption that ultradian rhythms are a result of changes in the phase relationships between several circadian oscillators. The synchrony of these oscillations seems to be facilitated by estradiol.
对近交系LEW/Ztm的雄性和雌性大鼠进行了四项实验，这些大鼠维持12小时光照-12小时黑暗的光照周期。对动物进行去势（GOX）或卵巢切除术（OVX）、17β-雌二醇植入（E2胶囊），以及用丙酸睾酮（TP）和雄激素拮抗剂（醋酸环丙孕酮，CA）进行围产期激素处理。结果表明，由于成年动物内源性雌二醇水平的差异，两性之间的运动活动模式存在差异。雄性LEW大鼠的活动模式以4小时和4.8小时周期的超日节律为特征。另一方面，雌性LEW大鼠通常表现出明显的昼夜活动模式，没有超日活动节律。卵巢切除术后，每只雌性大鼠都表现出明显的超日节律。在植入E2后，这些节律消失。成年雄性大鼠去势对其超日活动模式没有影响。植入E2胶囊导致超日活动成分显著减少。围产期用雄激素拮抗剂（CA）处理雄性大鼠，在成年期似乎对超日节律没有影响。围产期用睾酮处理的雌性大鼠，其超日活动成分显著增加。这种效应被认为是由于这些动物成年期雌激素水平较低所致。我们的研究支持这样一种假设，即超日节律是几个昼夜节律振荡器之间相位关系变化的结果。这些振荡的同步似乎受到雌二醇的促进。
