Jiang Lan, Fan Tingting, Wang Lihu, Zhang Lin, Xu Jun
Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Disease, Wuhu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 19;13:1015114. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015114. eCollection 2022.
Reproductive growth and vegetative growth are a pair of main contradictions in the process of plant growth. Flowering, as part of reproductive growth, is a key switch in the life cycle of higher plants, which affects the yield and economic benefits of plants to a certain extent. The Euphorbiaceae species, including castor bean (), physic nut (), tung tree (), cassava (), and rubber tree (), have important economic values because they are raw materials for the production of biodiesel, rubber, etc. The flowering mechanisms are still excluded in the Euphorbiaceae species. The flowering-related genes of (Arabidopsis) were used as a reference to determine the orthologs of these genes in Euphorbiaceae genomes. The result showed that 146, 144, 114, 114, and 149 of 207 A genes were respectively matched to , , , , and . These identified genes were clustered into seven pathways including gibberellins, floral meristem identity (FMI), vernalization, photoperiod, floral pathway integrators (FPIs), and autonomous pathways. Then, some key numbers of flowering-related genes are widely conserved in the Euphorbiaceae genomes including but not limited to FPI genes , , , and FMI genes , , and . However, some genes, including , , and , were missing in several or all five Euphorbiaceae species. In this study, we proposed the putative mechanisms of flowering-related genes to control flowering and provided new candidate flowering genes for using marker-assisted breeding to improve variety quality.
生殖生长和营养生长是植物生长过程中的一对主要矛盾。开花作为生殖生长的一部分，是高等植物生命周期中的关键转换点，在一定程度上影响植物的产量和经济效益。大戟科植物，包括蓖麻、麻风树、油桐、木薯和橡胶树，因其是生产生物柴油、橡胶等的原料而具有重要经济价值。大戟科植物的开花机制仍不明确。以拟南芥的开花相关基因作为参考，确定这些基因在大戟科基因组中的直系同源基因。结果表明，207个A基因中的146个、144个、114个、114个和149个分别与蓖麻、麻风树、油桐、木薯和橡胶树相匹配。这些鉴定出的基因被聚类到七个途径中，包括赤霉素、花分生组织特性（FMI）、春化作用、光周期、花途径整合因子（FPI）和自主途径。然后，一些开花相关基因的关键数量在大戟科基因组中广泛保守，包括但不限于FPI基因、、、和FMI基因、、。然而，包括、和在内的一些基因在几种或所有五种大戟科植物中缺失。在本研究中，我们提出了开花相关基因控制开花的推测机制，并为利用标记辅助育种提高品种质量提供了新的候选开花基因。
