Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, 4 North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2023 Feb;24(1):117-123. doi: 10.1007/s40368-022-00765-z. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
Systemic diseases or drugs administered early in life may cause a disruption in amelogenesis and contribute to the qualitative defect of enamel described as molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). Therefore, an increase in prevalence of MIH in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may be expected as this systemic disorder is commonly diagnosed in early childhood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MIH in a cohort of children with T1D and investigate diagnosis of MIH with T1D factors.
Cross-sectional study of children with T1D recruited from paediatric diabetes clinics at the Women's and Children's Hospital (South Australia). A detailed medical history, comprehensive dental and MIH examination according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) long form classification was collected for each child. All upper and lower first permanent molars and central incisors were scored.
A total number of 73 participants; 35 (47.95%) males were examined including 584 teeth. The mean age of the participants was 13.25 ± 2.58 years, with a mean age of diagnosis 7.75 ± 3.58 years, and a mean HbA1c of 8.5 ± 1.6%. 42 out of 73 children (54.8%) had enamel defects on at least one of the teeth examined. However, 19.2% met the criteria for MIH. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted but no significant associations were noted between MIH and risk factors including diabetes control (p > 0.1).
There was a high prevalence of enamel defects and MIH amongst children with T1D. More research is required to establish association between T1D and MIH.
系统性疾病或早期应用的药物可能会破坏釉质形成，并导致釉质质量缺陷，表现为磨牙-切牙釉质发育不全（MIH）。因此，1 型糖尿病（T1D）患儿中 MIH 的患病率可能会增加，因为这种系统性疾病通常在儿童早期被诊断出来。本研究旨在确定 T1D 患儿中 MIH 的患病率，并探讨 T1D 相关因素与 MIH 的诊断关系。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为从南澳大利亚妇女儿童医院儿科糖尿病诊所招募的 T1D 患儿。为每个孩子收集了详细的病史、全面的牙科和 MIH 检查，检查依据是欧洲儿童牙科学会（EAPD）的长表格分类。所有上颌和下颌第一恒磨牙和中切牙均进行了评分。
共检查了 73 名参与者，其中 35 名（47.95%）男性，共检查了 584 颗牙齿。参与者的平均年龄为 13.25±2.58 岁，平均诊断年龄为 7.75±3.58 岁，平均 HbA1c 为 8.5±1.6%。73 名儿童中有 42 名（54.8%）至少有一颗检查牙齿存在牙釉质缺陷，但符合 MIH 标准的仅有 19.2%。进行了单变量和双变量分析，但未发现 MIH 与包括糖尿病控制（p＞0.1）在内的风险因素之间存在显著相关性。
T1D 患儿中牙釉质缺陷和 MIH 的患病率较高。需要进一步研究以确定 T1D 与 MIH 之间的关联。
