Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of General Health Studies, Division Biomedical and Public Health Ethics, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria.
Med Health Care Philos. 2023 Mar;26(1):99-110. doi: 10.1007/s11019-022-10126-8. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
AAL encompasses smart home technologies that are installed in the personal living environment in order to support older, disabled, as well as chronically ill people with the goal of delaying or reducing their need for nursing care in a care facility. Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as an important tool for assisting the target group in their daily lives. A literature search and qualitative content analysis of 255 articles from computer science and engineering was conducted to explore the usage of ethical concepts. From an ethical point of view, the concept of independence and self-determination on the one hand and the possible loss of privacy on the other hand are widely discussed in the context of AAL. These concepts are adopted by the technical discourse in the sense that independence, self-determination and privacy are recognized as important values. Nevertheless, our research shows that these concepts have different usages and meanings in the ethical and the technical discourses. In the paper, we aim to map the different meanings of independence, self-determination and privacy as they can be found in the context of technological research on AI-based AAL systems. It investigates the interpretation of these ethical and social concepts which technicians try to build into AAL systems. In a second step, these interpretations are contextualized with concepts from the ethical discourse on AI-based assistive technologies.
AAL 涵盖了智能家居技术，这些技术被安装在个人生活环境中，以支持老年人、残疾人和慢性病患者，旨在延迟或减少他们在护理机构中对护理的需求。人工智能 (AI) 被视为帮助目标群体日常生活的重要工具。对计算机科学和工程领域的 255 篇文章进行了文献搜索和定性内容分析，以探讨伦理概念的使用。从伦理的角度来看，一方面是独立和自主的概念，另一方面是可能失去隐私，这在 AAL 背景下被广泛讨论。这些概念在技术话语中被采用，因为独立性、自主性和隐私被认为是重要的价值观。然而，我们的研究表明，这些概念在伦理和技术话语中有不同的用法和含义。本文旨在绘制出在基于人工智能的 AAL 系统的技术研究背景下，独立性、自主性和隐私这三个概念的不同含义。它调查了技术人员试图构建到 AAL 系统中的这些伦理和社会概念的解释。在第二步中，这些解释与人工智能辅助技术伦理话语中的概念进行了背景化处理。
