Eskandari Fateme, Razavian Alireza, Hamidi Rozhina, Yousefi Khadije, Borzou Susan
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research Center, Shiraz Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Dent. 2022 Oct 30;2022:6858088. doi: 10.1155/2022/6858088. eCollection 2022.
Regarding the common use of calcium silicate cements (CSCs) in root canal therapy, their position in the context of past and present dentistry agents can provide a better understanding of these materials for their further improvement. In this context, the present review article addresses a wide range of recent investigations in the field of CSC-based products and describes details of their composition, properties, and clinical applications. The need for maintaining or reconstructing tooth structure has increased in contemporary endodontic treatment approaches. This research thus discusses the attempts to create comprehensive data collection regarding calcium ion release, bond strength, alkalinizing activity and bioactivity, and the ability to stimulate the formation of hydroxyapatite as a bioactive feature of CSCs. Sealing ability is also highlighted as a predictor for apical and coronal microleakage which is crucial for the long-term prognosis of root canal treatment integrity. Other claimed properties such as radiopacity, porosity, and solubility are also investigated. Extended setting time is also mentioned as a well-known drawback of CSCs. Then, clinical applications of CSCs in vital pulp therapies such as pulpotomy, apexification, and direct pulp capping are reviewed. CSCs have shown their benefits in root perforation treatments and also as root canal sealers and end-filling materials. Nowadays, conventional endodontic treatments are replaced by regenerative therapies to save more dynamic and reliable hard and soft tissues. CSCs play a crucial role in this modern approach. This review article is an attempt to summarize the latest studies on the clinical properties of CSCs to shed light on the future generation of treatments.
关于硅酸钙水门汀（CSCs）在根管治疗中的普遍应用，它们在过去和现在的牙科材料背景下的地位，有助于更好地理解这些材料，以便进一步改进。在此背景下，本综述文章探讨了基于CSCs产品领域的一系列最新研究，并描述了它们的组成、性能和临床应用细节。在当代牙髓治疗方法中，维持或重建牙齿结构的需求有所增加。因此，本研究讨论了关于钙离子释放、粘结强度、碱化活性和生物活性以及刺激羟基磷灰石形成能力（作为CSCs的生物活性特征）的全面数据收集尝试。封闭能力也被强调为根尖和冠部微渗漏的预测指标，这对根管治疗完整性的长期预后至关重要。还研究了其他声称的性能，如射线不透性、孔隙率和溶解性。凝固时间延长也被提及为CSCs的一个众所周知的缺点。然后，综述了CSCs在活髓治疗中的临床应用，如牙髓切断术、根尖诱导成形术和直接盖髓术。CSCs在根管穿孔治疗以及作为根管封闭剂和根充材料方面已显示出其优势。如今传统的牙髓治疗正被再生治疗所取代，以保留更多动态且可靠的软硬组织。CSCs在这种现代方法中起着关键作用。本综述文章旨在总结关于CSCs临床特性的最新研究，为下一代治疗提供启示。
